Web application protection plug-in in Nginx reverse proxy

With the rapid development of the Internet, the protection and security issues of Web applications have attracted more and more attention. As we all know, Nginx is a high-performance web server that also supports reverse proxy function. This article will introduce how to use the web application protection plug-in in Nginx reverse proxy to improve application security.

1. What is a Web application protection plug-in?

Web application protection plug-in is a tool that provides security protection for web applications. They run on web servers and monitor all incoming and outgoing network traffic to defend against cyberattacks in real time. These plugins often include common security features such as firewalls, DDoS protection, and anti-malware capabilities. Using these plug-ins on the web server can improve application security and reduce security risks.

2. What are the web application protection plug-ins in Nginx reverse proxy?

1. ModSecurity

ModSecurity is a web application firewall that supports deployment on web servers such as Apache, Nginx, and IIS. It monitors all HTTP requests and detects possible attack threats such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and cross-site request forgery (CSRF). If ModSecurity detects a threat, it will take action to prevent the attack, such as blocking the request or displaying an error page.

2. NAXSI

NAXSI is an open source web application firewall that supports deployment in Nginx. It scans all HTTP requests based on regular expressions and detects possible attack threats such as SQL injection, remote code execution and file inclusion vulnerabilities. If NAXSI detects a threat, it will respond with an HTTP error code, such as 403 Forbidden.

3. lua-resty-waf

lua-resty-waf is a web application firewall based on OpenResty and lua, supporting deployment in Nginx. It contains several different modules such as firewall, anti-DDoS and virus scanning, etc. These modules detect possible attack threats such as SQL injection, XSS and CSRF. If lua-resty-waf detects a threat, it will respond with an HTTP error code, such as 403 Forbidden.

4. WAF

WAF is an open source web application firewall deployed on web servers such as Nginx and Apache. It monitors all HTTP requests and detects possible attack threats, such as HTTP protocol spoofing, SQL injection, and remote code execution. If the WAF detects a threat, it will take action to prevent the attack, such as blocking the request or displaying an error page.

3. How to configure the web application protection plug-in in Nginx?

1. Install lua-resty-waf

To use lua-resty-waf in Nginx, you need to install OpenResty and lua first. Then, lua-resty-waf can be installed via the following command:

$ git clone https://github.com/p0pr0ck5/lua-resty-waf.git
$ sudo cp -r lua-resty -waf /usr/local/openresty/site

2. Configuring NAXSI

To use NAXSI in Nginx, you need to first install and configure the core rule set of NAXSI. Then, add the following content to the Nginx configuration file:

location / {
include /usr/local/naxsi/rules/naxsi_core.rules;
naxsi on;
}

3. Configuring WAF

To use WAF in Nginx, you need to install and configure the core rule set of WAF first. WAF can then be installed via the following command:

$ git clone https://github.com/SpiderLabs/owasp-modsecurity-crs.git
$ sudo cp -r owasp-modsecurity-crs /usr /local/owasp-crs

Add the following content to the Nginx configuration file:

location / {
ModSecurityEnabled on;
ModSecurityConfig /usr/local/owasp-crs/ modsecurity.conf;
}

4. Summary

Using the web application protection plug-in in the Nginx reverse proxy can improve the security of web applications. For web applications with a large number of users and sensitive data, using web application protection plug-ins is a necessary security measure. In general, ModSecurity, NAXSI, lua-resty-waf and WAF are very effective web application protection plug-ins that can meet the security needs of most web applications.

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