What are some examples of file operations in Go?

As an emerging programming language, Go language is still relatively young compared to other programming languages ​​in terms of file operations, but it already has very powerful and flexible features. This article mainly answers the following questions: What are some examples of file operations in Go language? First, we need to understand that in Go, file operations require the use of the os package and the io package.

1. Reading files

Reading files is the most important type of file operation. Go language provides a variety of ways to complete the operation of reading files, as follows:

1. Open the file stream through the os.Open() function, and then use the bufio.NewReader() function to wrap the stream. Finally, the file text is read line by line through the bufio.ReadLine() function.

func readFileByLine(filePath string) ([]string, error) {
    file, err := os.Open(filePath)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    defer file.Close()

    scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
    scanner.Split(bufio.ScanLines)

    var lines []string
    for scanner.Scan() {
        lines = append(lines, scanner.Text())
    }

    return lines, nil
}

2. Read the file content directly through the ioutil.ReadFile() function in the io/ioutil library, and read all the file content into []byte.

func readFile(filename string) ([]byte, error) {
    return ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
}

2. Writing files

Writing files is also one of the common file operations. You can create a file using the os.OpenFile() function of the os package, and then use io. WriteString() function or bufio.NewWriter() function wraps the file stream for writing. The sample code is as follows:

func writeFile(filename string, content string) error {
    file, err := os.OpenFile(filename, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0644)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    defer file.Close()

    writer := bufio.NewWriter(file)
    if _, err := io.WriteString(writer, content); err != nil {
        return err
    }

    return nil
}

3. Copy files

The os package in Go language provides a Copy( ) function, which can easily implement the file copy function. The sample code is as follows:

func copyFile(src, dst string) (int64, error) {
    srcFile, err := os.Open(src)
    if err != nil {
        return 0, err
    }
    defer srcFile.Close()

    dstFile, err := os.Create(dst)
    if err != nil {
        return 0, err
    }
    defer dstFile.Close()

    return io.Copy(dstFile, srcFile)
}

4. Delete files

In Go language, you can use the os.Remove() function to delete files. If we want to delete a folder, we also need to use os.RemoveAll () function. The sample code is as follows:

func deleteFile(filePath string) error {
    return os.Remove(filePath)
}
func deleteDir(dirPath string) error {
    return os.RemoveAll(dirPath)
}

5. Moving files

Using the os.Rename() function of the os package can easily implement file moving operations. The sample code is as follows:

func moveFile(src, dst string) error {
    return os.Rename(src, dst)
}

6. File permission settings

In Go language, you can use the os.Chmod() function to set file permissions. The sample code is as follows:

func chmodFile(filename string, mode os.FileMode) error {
    return os.Chmod(filename, mode)
}

The Go language has rich file operation interfaces. Although the above examples are not comprehensive, they are enough to illustrate the characteristics and flexibility of the Go language in file operations. Even during file operations, we can use file streams, pipes, buffers and other methods to achieve our needs. Through this article, we have also deeply realized the simplicity and ease of use of the Go language.

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