Optimization of PHP operating environment and solutions to common problems

In order to improve the performance and access speed of the website, it is very important to optimize the PHP running environment. Solutions to some common problems also need to be mastered in practical applications.

1. Optimization of PHP running environment

1. Select the appropriate PHP version and library files

Different versions of PHP and library files will produce obvious performance differences. For modern web applications, PHP 7 is a good choice because it is much faster than previous versions. At the same time, using cache extensions such as OPcache or APC can improve performance.

2. Turn on OPcache caching

OPcache is a PHP extension that can cache the intermediate code of PHP scripts, thereby improving PHP execution speed. Turning on OPcache caching can greatly reduce the execution time of each request, thereby improving the server's throughput.

3. Turn off the Xdebug debugger

Xdebug is a very powerful debugger, but it can have a huge impact on performance. Therefore, Xdebug should be turned off in the production environment to improve PHP execution speed.

4. Enable persistent connections

Using persistent connections in the database connection pool can greatly reduce the cost of establishing a connection for each request. Although persistent connections can easily lead to overloading the number of database connections, they can significantly improve performance under reasonable use.

2. Solutions to common problems

1. The front-end page loads slowly

In the front-end page, some resource files (such as JS, CSS, images, etc.) ) loads too slowly, which will affect the loading speed of the page. You can optimize the front-end page loading speed in the following ways:

• Compress CSS, JS and other resource files to reduce file size during transmission
• Use CDN to accelerate, away from users Obtain resources from closer network nodes
• The images use lazy loading technology, so that the image resources are loaded asynchronously after the page is loaded
• Avoid excessive HTTP requests and reduce the number of resource files

2. Excessive database connections lead to performance problems

In high concurrency situations, operations such as creation, release, and query of database connections will cause large CPU and memory overhead. To deal with database problems, you can start from the following aspects:

• Connection pool technology, reuse existing connections to reduce overhead
• Use indexes, reduce query time
• Cache results to avoid frequent queries
• Separate reading and writing of the database to reduce pressure on the main library

3. Excessive memory consumption

In some request processing During the process, the program will use a large amount of memory, causing memory shortage, system instability or even hang. The optimization is as follows:

• Optimize the HTML structure of the page
• Reduce the number of HTTP requests as much as possible
• Enable the PHP memory recycling mechanism
• Reduce the number of cycles

4. SQL injection problem

SQL injection is a very common web attack method. Attackers construct special SQL statements to bypass verification and steal data. the goal of. The following measures can be used to prevent SQL injection attacks:

• Use precompiled statements to avoid SQL injection attacks
• Filter user input and perform parameterized queries to reduce the risk of SQL injection
• Encrypt key data and improve data security

Summary

As a widely used programming language, PHP has a lot of room for optimization, and it can also deal with common problems. Corresponding solutions are needed. Mastering the optimization methods of PHP running environment and solutions to common problems can better improve the performance and security of web applications.

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