对于字符串的切割截取平时所用可能不是特别多,而且分的比较细,所以自备自查。有备无患。
由于之前所有均在一个demo测试,若是哪里打错了,敬请谅解。一些其余属性找时间继续添加。
1.函数:split()
功能:使用一个指定的分隔符把一个字符串分割存储到数组
<code class="language-javascript">str=”jpg|bmp|gif|ico|png”; arr=str.split(”|”); //arr是一个包含字符值”jpg”、”bmp”、”gif”、”ico”和”png”的数组</code>
2.函数:join()
功能:使用您选择的分隔符将一个数组合并为一个字符串
<code class="language-javascript">var delimitedString=myArray.join(delimiter); var myList=new Array(”jpg”,”bmp”,”gif”,”ico”,”png”); var portableList=myList.join(”|”); //结果是jpg|bmp|gif|ico|png</code>
3.函数:concat()
功能:将两个数组连接在一起;
<code class="language-javascript">arr1=[1,2,3,4]; arr2=[5,6,7,8]; alert(arr1.concat(arr2));//结果为[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]</code>
4.函数:charAt()
功能:返回指定位置的字符。字符串中第一个字符的下标是 0。如果参数 index 不在 0 与 string.length 之间,该方法将返回一个空字符串。
<code class="language-javascript">var str='a,g,i,d,o,v,w,d,k,p'; alert(str.charAt(2)) //结果为g</code>
5:函数:charCodeAt()
功能:charCodeAt() 方法可返回指定位置的字符的 Unicode 编码。这个返回值是 0 - 65535 之间的整数。
方法 charCodeAt() 与 charAt() 方法执行的操作相似,只不过前者返回的是位于指定位置的字符的编码,而后者返回的是字符子串。
<code class="language-javascript">var str='a,g,i,d,o,v,w,d,k,p'; alert(str.charCodeAt(2)) //结果为103。即g的Unicode编码为103</code>
6.函数:slice()
<code class="language-javascript">arrayObject.slice(start,end)</code>
start:必需。规定从何处开始选取。如果是负数,那么它规定从数组尾部开始算起的位置。也就是说,-1 指最后一个元素,-2 指倒数第二个元素,以此类推。
end:可选。规定从何处结束选取。该参数是数组片断结束处的数组下标。如果没有指定该参数,那么切分的数组包含从 start 到数组结束的所有元素。如果这个参数是负数,那么它规定的是从数组尾部开始算起的元素。
返回一个新的数组,包含从start到end(不包括该元素)的arrayobject中的元素。
<code class="language-javascript">var str='ahji3o3s4e6p8a0sdewqdasj'; alert(str.slice(2,5)) //结果ji3</code>
7.函数:substring()
定义和用法 substring 方法用于提取字符串中介于两个指定下标之间的字符。
语法
<code class="language-javascript">stringObject.substring(start,stop)</code>
start 必需。一个非负的整数,规定要提取的子串的第一个字符在 stringObject 中的位置。
stop 可选。一个非负的整数,比要提取的子串的最后一个字符在 stringObject 中的位置多 1。
如果省略该参数,那么返回的子串会一直到字符串的结尾。
返回 一个新的字符串,该字符串值包含 stringObject 的一个子字符串,其内容是从 start 处到 stop-1 处的所有字符,其长度为 stop 减 start。 说明 substring 方法返回的子串包括 start 处的字符,但不包括 end 处的字符。 如果 start 与 end 相等,那么该方法返回的就是一个空串(即长度为 0 的字符串)。 如果 start 比 end 大,那么该方法在提取子串之前会先交换这两个参数。 如果 start 或 end 为负数,那么它将被替换为 0。
<code class="language-javascript">var str='ahji3o3s4e6p8a0sdewqdasj'; alert(str.substring(2,6)) //结果为ji3o3</code>
8.函数:substr
定义和用法 substr 方法用于返回一个从指定位置开始的指定长度的子字符串。
语法
<code class="language-javascript">stringObject.substr(start [, length ])</code>
参数 start 必需。所需的子字符串的起始位置。字符串中的第一个字符的索引为 0。
length 可选。在返回的子字符串中应包括的字符个数。 说明 如果 length 为 0 或负数,将返回一个空字符串。 如果没有指定该参数,则子字符串将延续到stringObject的最后。
<code class="language-javascript">var str = "0123456789"; alert(str.substring(0));------------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(5));------------"56789" alert(str.substring(10));-----------"" alert(str.substring(12));-----------"" alert(str.substring(-5));-----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(-10));----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(-12));----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(0,5));----------"01234" alert(str.substring(0,10));---------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(0,12));---------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(2,0));----------"01" alert(str.substring(2,2));----------"" alert(str.substring(2,5));----------"234" alert(str.substring(2,12));---------"23456789" alert(str.substring(2,-2));---------"01" alert(str.substring(-1,5));---------"01234" alert(str.substring(-1,-5));--------""</code>
substr 和 substring方法的区别
<code class="language-javascript"><script type="text/javascript"> var str = "0123456789";// alert(str.substring(0));//------------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(5));//------------"56789" alert(str.substring(10));//-----------"" alert(str.substring(12));//-----------"" alert(str.substring(-5));//-----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(-10));//----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(-12));//----------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(0,5));//----------"01234" alert(str.substring(0,10));//---------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(0,12));//---------"0123456789" alert(str.substring(2,0));//----------"01" alert(str.substring(2,2));//----------"" alert(str.substring(2,5));//----------"234" alert(str.substring(2,12));//---------"23456789" alert(str.substring(2,-2));//---------"01" alert(str.substring(-1,5));//---------"01234" alert(str.substring(-1,-5));//--------"" alert(str.substr(0));//---------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(5));//---------------"56789" alert(str.substr(10));//--------------"" alert(str.substr(12));//--------------"" alert(str.substr(-5));//--------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(-10));//-------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(-12));//-------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(0,5));//-------------"01234" alert(str.substr(0,10));//------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(0,12));//------------"0123456789" alert(str.substr(2,0));//-------------"" alert(str.substr(2,2));//-------------"23" alert(str.substr(2,5));//-------------"23456" alert(str.substr(2,12));//------------"23456789" alert(str.substr(2,-2));//------------"" alert(str.substr(-1,5));//------------"01234" alert(str.substr(-1,-5));//-----------"" </script></code>

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