How to do coding style checking using PHP

In the programming process, adopting a standardized coding style plays a decisive role in the readability, maintainability, and scalability of the code. The popular programming language PHP is no exception, so the coding style of PHP code needs to be checked to improve code quality. This article will introduce how to use PHP for coding style checking to improve code quality during development.

1. Why coding style check is necessary

1. Unified style

When multiple people collaborate on development, due to different habits and experience levels, different Programmers often like to adopt different coding styles, such as indentation, naming conventions, code comments, etc. This will make the code difficult to unify, poor readability, and inconvenient to maintain and expand.

2. Reduce errors

Adopting a standardized coding style can reduce the occurrence of code errors, thereby improving code quality and reliability. If there are no standardized code formats and naming conventions, the possibility of errors will greatly increase, making debugging and maintenance extremely difficult.

3. Improve efficiency

Adopting a standardized coding style can also save time and energy, and reduce the workload of refactoring and modifying the code. In many cases, programmers may spend a lot of time modifying and debugging code, and these problems may be caused by irregular code formats or naming conventions.

2. Use PHP_CodeSniffer to check the code

PHP_CodeSniffer is a tool used to check the coding style of the code. It can detect specification errors in the code and give corresponding error messages and suggestion. Use PHP_CodeSniffer to easily check code style and improve code quality.

1. PHP_CodeSniffer installation

PHP_CodeSniffer is a code checking tool written in PHP and can be installed through Composer. The following conditions need to be met to install PHP_CodeSniffer:

① PHP 5.4.0 or higher version

② PEAR (PHP Extension and Application Repository) extension

③ Composer installation tool

Installation steps:

1 Open the terminal and enter the following command to install PHP_CodeSniffer:

composer global require "squizlabs/php_codesniffer=*"

2 on Windows system , Composer added PHPUnit and PHPCS directories similar to the Programs folder to my Computers/Configuration folder. Therefore, to run PHP_CodeSniffer, you need to add the Composer global include path to your PATH environment variable. On Linux/MacOS, you can set an alias for PHP_CodeSniffer via:

alias phpcs="~/.composer/vendor/bin/phpcs"

3 Verify that the installation was successful:

phpcs --version

2. PHP_CodeSniffer usage

After installing PHP_CodeSniffer, we can use it to detect the coding style of PHP code. To use PHP_CodeSniffer for detection, you need to understand the following concepts:

①Standards: PHP_CodeSniffer performs checks through a set of code rules, which are called standards. There are many standards to choose from, each with different checking rules. Among them, the main standards are: PSR1, PSR2, PEAR, Zend, Squiz, etc.

② Rules (Sniffs): Rules are a set of code rules and guidelines for checking programming practices in PHP code. In PHP_CodeSniffer, each rule is a separate instance used to detect parts of the code that violate standards.

③Code Repository: Code repository refers to the directory or file containing PHP code. We need to apply PHP_CodeSniffer to the "Code Repository" in order to check the code for compliance with standards and rules.

Using PHP_CodeSniffer requires three steps:

a) Select the standard to use

In order to use PHP_CodeSniffer to inspect PHP code, you need to enable the appropriate standard. The standard needs to be specified using the "--standard" option.

For example, the following command will check all PHP code snippets using the PSR2 standard:

phpcs --standard=PSR2 path_to_code

b) Select the rule to use

You can use the "--sniffs" option to select the corresponding rules. For example, if you want to perform a blanket check of all code repository files, use the following command:

php_codesniffer --standard=PSR2 path_to_code --sniffs=PSR2.Classes.ClassDeclaration

c) Execute Check

After performing the above two steps, use the following command to start the PHP_CodeSniffer application to perform coding style checking on the code:

phpcs path_to_code --standard=PSR1

Execute After checking, PHP_CodeSniffer will output all warning and error information, as well as the number of lines of code in error.

3. Conclusion

PHP_CodeSniffer is a tool that can be used to check the coding style of PHP code. Using it can help us reduce coding errors, unify coding styles, improve coding efficiency, and improve code quality. . When using PHP_CodeSniffer, you need to learn and understand the use of standards and rules, and use them according to the specifications. In this way, we can continuously improve our PHP programming skills and level in our daily work, and better develop high-quality PHP programs.

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