How to use logging in CakePHP?

CakePHP is a PHP-based web application development framework that provides powerful and flexible scalability. CakePHP provides a convenient logging mechanism for recording and tracking application operations and status. In this article, we will explore how to use the logging functionality in CakePHP.

1. CakePHP logging configuration

Logging configuration options have been provided in the application configuration file config/app.php. We just need to adjust these options as needed.

The logging configuration options are:

'Log' => [
    'debug' => [
        'className' => 'CakeLogEngineFileLog',
        'path' => LOGS,
        'file' => 'debug',
        'levels' => ['notice', 'info', 'debug'],
        'url' => env('LOG_DEBUG_URL', null),
    ],
    'error' => [
        'className' => 'CakeLogEngineFileLog',
        'path' => LOGS,
        'file' => 'error',
        'levels' => ['warning', 'error', 'critical', 'alert', 'emergency'],
        'url' => env('LOG_ERROR_URL', null),
    ],
]

The above configuration options include two parts: debug and error. debug records debugging information and is therefore very useful to developers. error records error information, including warning information, error information, critical information, warning information and emergency information. We can add other logging classes as needed.

2. Use of CakePHP logging

CakePHP logging can be implemented using the Log service class. We can log anywhere in the application by calling methods such as Log::debug() or Log::error(). For example:

use CakeLogLog;

Log::info('My message');

The above code will record the My message message in the program's debug log file. We can also use other methods in the Log class, for example:

Log::emergency('This is an emergency!');
Log::alert('This is an alert!');
Log::critical('This is critical!');
Log::warning('This is a warning!');
Log::notice('This is a notice!');
Log::info('This is an info message!');
Log::debug('This is a debug message!');

3. Use of CakePHP logging classes

CakePHP provides three default logging classes:

1. FileLog: Record logs to a file.
2. SyslogLog: Record the log to the system log. Currently only UNIX-like operating systems are supported.
3. DatabaseLog: Record logs to the database.

We can use any of these record classes, or use their subclasses and extensions.

In this article, we will use the FileLog logging class to record logs and write the log information to the two files /logs/debug.log and /logs/error.log.

In the program, we can log debugging information using the following code:

Log::debug('This is a debug message');

This will log the message in the /logs/debug.log file.

We can also log error messages using the following code:

Log::error('This is an error message');

This will log the message in the /logs/error.log file.

4. CakePHP logging output

We can use the default logging class to output log information, or we can use a custom class or a third-party class library to output log information.

By default, we can use the file viewer to view the output log information. For example, we can use the tail -f command to view the contents of the log file in real time:

$ tail -f /logs/debug.log

The above command will display the new content in the debug.log file in real time.

We can also use more advanced tools to view log data, such as Elasticsearch and Kibana. These tools provide powerful search, filtering, and visualization capabilities for log files.

5. Summary

This article introduces how to use the logging function in CakePHP. We can log debugging and error information anywhere in the application and store it to a file or database. You can also use the default logging class to output log information. Finally, we briefly mentioned some advanced tools, such as Elasticsearch and Kibana, to help us search, filter, and visualize log data more easily.

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