How to use Django framework in Python?

As a powerful programming language, Python is widely used in Web development. One of its most popular Web frameworks is Django. Django is an advanced Python Web framework that improves the efficiency of developing Web applications by encapsulating and abstracting common Web development tasks. This article will introduce how to use the Django framework in Python.

1. Installing Django

Before you begin, you first need to install Django on your computer. You can install it through the pip command. Open the terminal and enter the following command:

pip install django

If you have multiple versions of Python installed in your system, you need to use the correct version of the pip command.

2. Create a Django project

An important part of Django is the project. A project contains multiple applications, each application representing a part of the web application. Create a new Django project using the following command:

django-admin startproject project_name

This will create a folder named project_name that contains a Python file named manage.py and another folder named project_name. The project_name folder contains the settings and configuration files in the project. Start the Django server by opening a terminal and entering the following command:

python manage.py runserver

3. Creating a Django application

In Django, each application has its own responsibilities. Create an application using the following command:

python manage.py startapp app_name

This will create an application named app_name containing files such as views.py, models.py and tests.py. The views.py file contains the main logic of the application and defines the behavior when users access the page.

4. Define URLs

To make a Django application respond to specific URL requests, you need to define a URLconf. In Django, URLconf is a Python module that defines all URLs in a web application. Create a file called urls.py in the application directory and define the URL using the following code:

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='index'),
]

This URLconf will handle an empty path and it will call the index function in views.py.

5. Define views

In Django, views determine how to respond to user web requests. In the views.py file in the application directory, you can define URLconf-related view functions. For example, in our example, the following view function can be defined:

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello, World!")

This view function will return "Hello, World!" as the web response.

6. Run the application

Finally, start the Django server and access the defined URL to see if the application is running normally. Enter the following command in the terminal to start the server:

python manage.py runserver

Enter "http://127.0.0.1:8000/" in the browser to access the application.

Summary

Django provides a simple, fast, and modular way to build web applications. This article introduces how to use the Django framework in Python, including core concepts such as creating projects, creating applications, and defining URLs and views. Since Django is a popular framework in the field of Python web development, after mastering its basic knowledge, continuing to study it in depth will be of great help in web development work.

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