Talk about DIY and code specifications of the Go framework

With the rapid development of the Internet, different programming languages ​​and frameworks are emerging in endlessly. Among them, Go language has gradually become the choice of many developers, mainly due to the simplicity and efficiency of Go language. Many excellent frameworks have emerged in the Go language ecosystem, such as Gin, Beego, Echo, etc. However, as a developer, in the process of using the framework, have you ever thought about developing a Go framework yourself? Here the author will talk about the DIY and code specifications of the Go framework.

1. Why DIY a Go framework?

1. Learning:
   DIY a framework yourself, which can better understand and master the underlying principles of the Go language. Understanding the operating mechanism of the framework can better broaden your programming ideas.
2. Practice:
   DIYing a framework can greatly improve your practical ability. Through actual development and debugging, you can more clearly understand the advantages and disadvantages of the framework, and you can better guide your subsequent work.
3. Make yourself more professional:
   Implement a framework by yourself, involving a wide range of knowledge, such as network programming, databases, caching, etc., so that you can learn and understand relevant knowledge points more comprehensively and deeply, and cultivate yourself comprehensive quality, so that they can continuously improve their professionalism at work.

2. DIY practice of Go framework

1. Architecture design:
   Before designing the architecture of the framework, we need to consider the following issues:
   a) What services the framework provides and how the provided services are combined.
   b) What protocol is used to implement the framework.
   c) What should the specific architecture of the framework look like.
   For example, we can choose RESTful API as the protocol, and then adopt an architecture with middleware as the core. We can encapsulate the core code in a core module and provide some basic services in the core module. Then, we can encapsulate some more complex services on the middleware services.
2. Implement routing:
   Routing is the core function of any web framework. For a self-implemented framework, implementing routing is an indispensable process. The most common way is to add a route for each interface and use a map to store the mapping relationship between routes and handler functions.
3. Design and implementation of middleware:
   The middleware of the framework is responsible for intercepting requests and processing them. We need to implement a middleware processing chain. When we receive a request, we execute these middlewares in the order of the middleware chain defined by the developer in the code, and finally return the processing result of the request.
4. Data verification and binding:
   Data verification is the basic requirement to ensure the legality of back-end interface data. In the framework we implement, we can use the tag of the structure to define the value range of a certain field, such as length, regular expression, etc. After the request reaches the interface, implement the verification method we provide to verify the data.
5. Exception handling:
   Exception handling is essential when developing large-scale projects. In the implementation of the framework, we can define unified access exceptions to ensure the cleanliness of the code.

3. Code specifications of the Go framework

Before DIYing a Go framework, we need to follow the code specifications of the Go language to ensure that our framework has better readability. Maintainability and scalability. The following are some common Go language code specifications:

1. Using the standard library
   The standard library of the Go language already has a wealth of functions for us to use. Therefore, in the implementation of the framework, we should make full use of the standard library and reduce dependence on third-party libraries.
2. Good comments
   When writing code, we should not only pay attention to the number of comments, but also pay attention to complete, accurate, concise and clear comments.
3. Variable naming
   Go language variable naming should have basic specifications: variable names should be as short and meaningful as possible, and avoid using special symbols such as numbers and underscores for naming. At the same time, variable names should try to avoid sounds that are close to each other. and potential problems of ambiguity.
4. Function design
   Functions should have code independence and high cohesion, such as trying to avoid dependence on global variables or external functions. The input and output parameters of a function should avoid using global variables, and make the parameters of the function as few and clear as possible.

Conclusion:

By DIYing a Go framework, we can better understand the underlying principles of the Go language, improve our programming capabilities and professionalism, and learn from continuous practice Keep improving yourself. In the process of DIY framework, we also need to follow good coding standards to ensure that our framework has better readability, maintainability and scalability.

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