Detailed explanation of developing web applications using Beego framework

With the increasing popularity of web applications, developers need to look for more efficient and flexible development frameworks. Beego framework is a fast, simple and scalable Go language web application framework. It provides a way to quickly develop web applications and is easy to learn and use. This article will introduce in detail how to use the Beego framework.

1. Install Beego framework

To use Beego, you first need to install it. Fortunately, installing Beego in Go is incredibly easy. Type the following command in the terminal to install:

go get github.com/astaxie/beego

After the installation is complete, check your Go workspace path to ensure that Beego has been successfully installed in it.

2. Create a Beego project

In Beego, an application is called a "project". Beego framework provides tools to create a new project to help you quickly create a new web application. The command is as follows:

bee new project_name

This command will create a new project named "project_name" in the current directory and include the necessary files and directory structure, including the project's The main Go file "main.go".

3. Run a Beego project

After creating the project, you can directly use the go run command to start it, as shown below:

cd project_name
go run main.go

This will start the web application and start the server on port 8080. Enter http://localhost:8080 in your browser and you should see the "Welcome to Beego!" welcome page.

4. Routing and Controller

In Beego, routing and controller are the two basic components of Web applications.

Routing maps the requested URL to the corresponding controller function. Beego can match routing URLs using URIs, regular expressions, and custom rules.

The controller function handles routing requests, can render web pages, return JSON data, etc. In Beego, controllers inherit from beego.Controller by default, which makes it very easy to access requests and responses in the controller.

Beego framework uses routing to map to controller functions. In the controller function, use this.Ctx to access the request and response objects.

5. Template

In Web applications, interface design and data are usually separated. To keep these separate, web applications often use template engines.

In Beego, the "html/template" template engine of the Go language is used by default. Templates are written using a markup language similar to HTML, allowing developers to dynamically generate HTML pages.

In the Controller, pass the template path in the render function, and finally call this.Render() method to render the template.

var data map[string]interface{}
data = make(map[string]interface{})
data["Username"] = "Beego"
this.Data[ "data"] = data
this.TplName = "index.tpl"
this.Render()

6. Database

Using a database in a web application is Very common. Beego's ORM (Object Relational Mapping) system can help us perform database operations in our applications more easily. In Beego, the default database used by ORM is MySQL.

In the project's conf/app.conf configuration file, you can modify the database information connection information:

Site Router

appname = test
httpport = 8080
runmode = dev
autorender = false
copyrequestbody = true

Database Configurations

dbhost = 127.0.0.1
dbport = 3306
dbuser = root
dbpassword = ""
dbname = test
dbprefix =

segoignre = /static

7. Middleware

In Beego, middleware is a set of Methods for handling requests and responses that can be executed before and after the request reaches the handler. They can be used to implement functions such as authentication, caching, etc.

In Beego, middleware acts as an enhancer and can make modifications to an application without changing its source code. In Beego, you can use the before and after functions to set up middleware.

Interception middleware function example:

func ExampleMidWare(handler http.Handler) http.Handler {

fn := func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
    beego.Debug("ExampleMidWare begin")
    handler.ServeHTTP(w, req)
    beego.Debug("ExampleMidWare end")
}
return http.HandlerFunc(fn)

}

Finally, use it in Handler That's it:

func (this *MainController) Get() {

result := "Hello Beego !"
this.Ctx.WriteString(result)

}

beego.InsertFilter("/*", beego.BeforeRouter, auth.FilterUser)
beego.InsertFilter("/*", beego.BeforeRouter, ExampleMidWare)

8. Static files

Beego can handle static files very conveniently, such as CSS, JavaScript and image files . Just create a static file directory under the static directory in your project and use the StaticDir function in your application.

beego.SetStaticPath("/static", "static")

Use static files in templates:

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Summary

This article introduces the main structure and functions of the Beego framework, including How to use routes, controllers, templates, databases, middleware, static files, etc. Whether you are a novice or a professional, you will find efficient and powerful tools in Beego to help you build high-quality web applications. Hope this article can be helpful to you.

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