How do the front and back ends implement Token authentication?

With the continuous development of Internet technology, separate development of front-end and back-end has become a trend. As a common identity authentication method, Token authentication has also become an indispensable part of front-end and back-end communication. So, how do the front and back ends implement Token authentication?

1. Introduction to Token Authentication

Token authentication is a token-based identity authentication method. It determines whether the user's identity is legitimate by passing the Token parameter in each request. Token is a string generated by the server, which contains the user's identity information and some other verification information. Generally, after the user authentication is successful, the server returns the Token to the client and requires the client to bring the Token with each request so that the server can perform identity authentication.

2. How to implement Token authentication on the front and back ends?

1. Backend implementation

In the backend, the process of implementing Token authentication usually includes the following steps:

(1) User login

When a user logs in on the front end, the back end needs to verify the user's identity. If the verification is passed, a Token is generated and the Token is returned to the client.

(2) Token verification

At each client request, the server needs to verify the Token to determine whether the Token is legal. If the token is valid, continue processing the request, otherwise an error message will be returned.

(3) Token refresh

Token usually has a certain timeliness and needs to be refreshed before expiration. The backend needs to implement a Token refresh interface so that the client can refresh the Token before it expires.

2. Front-end implementation

In the process of implementing Token authentication on the front-end, we usually need to use the following tools and methods:

(1) localStorage

LocalStorage is a mechanism that can store data on the browser side. The stored data can be accessed from any page under the same domain name. When implementing Token authentication on the front end, we can store the Token in localStorage for use in each request.

(2)Axios

Axios is a Promise-based HTTP client for making AJAX requests. When implementing Token authentication on the front end, we can use Axios to process requests and bring the Token in localStorage before each request.

(3) Route guard

Route guard is a function in the Vue framework that can intercept and authenticate users before accessing the page. When implementing Token authentication on the front end, we can use routing guards to ensure the legitimacy of the user's identity.

3. Notes

In the process of implementing Token authentication, we need to pay attention to the following aspects:

(1) Token security

Token contains the user's identity information, so it needs to be kept confidential. When passing the Token parameter, it is recommended to use the HTTPS protocol for encrypted transmission to ensure that it is not tampered with or leaked during the transmission process.

(2) Token validity period

Token usually has a certain timeliness. You can set the validity period of Token and refresh or re-authenticate before expiration. At the same time, it is also necessary to prevent tokens from being maliciously stolen or replayed.

(3) Token storage method

Token is generally stored in the client’s LocalStorage and needs to be encrypted during the storage process to prevent malicious acquisition.

4. Summary

Token authentication is a common identity authentication method. It determines whether the user's identity is legal by passing the Token parameter. In the front-end and back-end separation development, implementing Token authentication is a very important part. The front-end and back-end implementation methods are different, but they all need to pay attention to the security, validity period and storage method of the Token, and perform appropriate authentication and refresh operations.

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