在HTML 5中,现在可以在客户端进行文件上传时的校验了,比如用户选择文件后,可以马上校验文件的大小和属性等,这其实时得益于浏览器端新增的对文件的校验能力,其中支持HTML 5的浏览器,都会实现W3C实现的文件API标准,其中可以读取客户端文件的各种信息和参数。
下面的例子如下,首先是HTML
<code class="language-html"><input type="file" data-file_type="zip|png" data-max_size="1000000"> </code>
这里data-file_type属性中,指定了文件的类型,接受ZIP,PNG文件,用|分隔开来,其中data-max-size指定文件的大小,这里是1MB。然后使用jquery 进行判断
<code class="language-javascript">$('input[type=file]').each(function() { if(typeof $(this).attr('data-file_type') == 'string') { var file_types = $(this).attr('data-file_type').split('|'); } var mimes = get_mimes(file_types); //文件要求的指定大小 var max_size = parseInt($(this).attr('data-max_size')); $(this).change(function(evt) { var finput = $(this); var files = evt.target.files; // 获得文件对象 var output = []; for (var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) { //检查文件的类型是否符合指定要求 if(jQuery.inArray(f.type , mimes) == -1) { alert('File type '+ f.type + ' not allowed'); $(this).val(''); continue; } //检查文件大小 else if(f.size > max_size) { alert('Maximum file size is ' + max_size + ' bytes.'); $(this).val(''); } //Validation ok else { output.push('[b]', f.name, '[/b] (', f.type || 'n/a', ') - ', f.size, ' bytes, last modified: ', f.lastModifiedDate.toLocaleDateString() ); } } finput.after('<div>' + output.join('') + '</div>'); }); }); </code>
在上面的代码中, var mimes = get_mimes(file_types); 其实是一个方法,如下:
<code class="language-javascript">/* Get the mimes of a list of extensions as an array */ function get_mimes(extensions) { var mimes = []; for(var i in extensions) { var ext = extensions[i]; if(ext in mime_types) { var mime = mime_types[ext]; if($.isArray(mime)) { jQuery.merge(mimes , mime); } else { mimes.push(mime); } } } return mimes; } </code>
这里其实就是将ZIP,PNG这样的类型传入,然后返回一个这类文件对应的MIME/TYPE,比如定义一个 mime_types数组,如下:
<code class="language-javascript">var mime_types = { "gif":"image\/gif", "jpeg":["image\/jpeg","image\/pjpeg"], "jpg":["image\/jpeg","image\/pjpeg"], "jpe":["image\/jpeg","image\/pjpeg"], "png":["image\/png","image\/x-png"], .................. } </code>
重点关注的是HTML 5中,新的文件API,可以在客户端马上判断文件类型,如下:
<code class="language-javascript">var files = evt.target.files; // 获得文件对象,是一个集合,可以有多个文件 var file_count = files.length; //文件长度 var file_1 = files[0]; // or files.item(0);这里获得多个文件中的第一个文件 var name = file_1.name; //获得文件名 var size = file_1.size;//获得文件大小 var type = file_1.type; //文件类型 var lastModifiedDate = file_1.lastModifiedDate; //文件修改时间 </code>
详细的关于HTML 5文件上传的,见: http://www.w3.org/TR/file-upload/

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