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How to use mysql to simulate redis

Jun 01, 2023 pm 03:13 PM
mysqlredis

Redis是文本协议

redis是文本协议,协议名称叫做RESPRESPRedis 序列化协议的简写。它是一种直观的文本协议,优势在于实现异常简单,解析性能极好。

如图,Redis 协议将传输的结构数据,可以总结为 5 种最小单元类型。每个单元结束时,统一加上回车换行符号 \r\n

下面是几个规则:

单行字符串 以 + 开头;
多行字符串 以 $ 开头,后跟字符串长度;
整数值 以 : 开头,后跟整数的字符串形式;
错误消息 以 - 符号开头;
数组 以 * 号开头,后跟数组的长度;

比如,下面这个就是数组[9,9,6]的报文。

*3\r\n:9\r\n:9\r\n:6\r\n

所以这个协议的解析和拼装,是非常简单的。拿netty来说,就有codec-redis 模块供我们使用。

实现:数据结构设计

在数据表的设计上,我们发现,kvhash在效率上没有什么差别,因为它能够直接根据key定位到。

反倒是zset,由于有排序的功能,造成了很多操作的执行效率都不尽人意。

另外,由于我们不同的数据结构,是使用不同的表进行存储的。所以删除操作,要在每张表上都执行一遍。

kv设计

kv,即string,是redis里最基本的数据类型。一个key对应一个valuestring类型的值最大能存储512MB。

设计专用的数据库表rstore_kv,其中,rkey是主键。

rkey        varchar
val     varchar
lastTime    bigint

set操作

insert into rstore_kv("rkey","val","lastTime") values($1,$2,$3)
on duplicate key update set "val"=$2,"lastTime"=$3

get操作

select val from rstore_kv where "rkey" = $1

del操作

delete from rstore_kv where "rkey" = $1

exists操作

select count(*) as n from rstore_kv where  "rkey" = $1

ttl操作

select lastTIme from rstore_kv  where  "rkey" = $1

hash设计

hash 是一个键值(key=>value)对集合。hash 特别适合用于存储对象。

设计专用的数据库表rstore_hash,其中,rkeyhkey是联合主键。

rkey        varchar
hkey        varchar
val     varchar
lastTime    bigint

hset操作

insert into rstore_hash("rkey","hkey","val","lastTime") values($1,$2,$3,$4)
on duplicate key update set "val"=$3,"lastTime"=$4

hget操作

select val from rstore_hash where "rkey" = $1 and "hkey" = $2

hgetall操作

select hkey,val from rstore_hash where "rkey" = $1

hdel操作

delete from rstore_hash where "rkey" = $1 and "hkey" = $2

del操作

delete from rstore_hash where "rkey" = $1

hlen,hexists操作

select count(*) as num from rstore_hash where "rkey" = $1

ttl操作

select max(lastTIme) from rstore_hash  where  "rkey" = $1

zset设计

Redis zsetset 一样也是string类型元素的集合,且不允许重复的成员。不同的是每个元素都会关联一个double类型的分数。redis正是通过分数来为集合中的成员进行从小到大的排序。它的底层结构是跳跃表,效率特别高,但是会占用大量内存。

设计专用的数据库表rstore_zset,其中,rkeymember是联合主键。

rkey        varchar
member        varchar
score     double
lastTime    bigint

zadd操作

insert into rstore_zset("rkey","member","score","lastTime") values($1,$2,$3,$4) on duplicate key update update set "score"=$3,"lastTime"=$4

zscore操作

select score from rstore_zset where "rkey" = $1 and "member" = $2

zrem操作

delete from rstore_zset where "rkey" = $1 and "member" = $2"

zcard,exists操作

select count(*) as num from rstore_zset where "rkey" = $1

zcount操作

select count(*) as num from rstore_zset where "rkey" = $1 and score>=$2 and score

zremrangebyscore操作

delete from rstore_zset where "rkey" = $1 and score>=$2 and score

zrangebyscore操作

select member,score from rstore_zset
where "rkey" = $1 and score>=$2 and score

zrange操作

select member,score from rstore_zset
where "rkey" = $1 order by score asc offset $2 limit $3

zrank操作

select rank from (select member,rank() over (order by "score" asc, "lastTime" asc) as rank from rstore_zset where "rkey" = $1 ) m where m."member"= $2;

ttl操作

select max(lastTIme) from rstore_zset  where  "rkey" = $1

del操作

delete from rstore_zset where "rkey" = $1

set设计

RedisSetstring类型的无序集合。

设计专用的数据库表rstore_set,其中,rkeymember是联合主键。

rkey        varchar
member        varchar
lastTime    bigint

sadd操作

insert into rstore_set("rkey","member","lastTime") values($1,$2,$3)
on duplicate key update update set "lastTime"=$3

scard操作

select count(*) as num from rstore_set where "rkey" = $1

sismember操作

select member from rstore_set where "rkey" = $1 and "member" = $2

smembers操作

select member from rstore_set where "rkey" = $1

srem操作

delete from rstore_set where "rkey" = $1 and "member" = $2

del操作

delete from rstore_set where "rkey" = $1

ttl操作

select max(lastTIme) from rstore_set  where  "rkey" = $1

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