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How to use Symfony5 framework in php?

王林Original: 2023-06-01 11:31:36940browse

Symfony5 is a modern PHP framework. Its design pattern follows the MVC pattern, making it easy to build efficient, scalable, and easy-to-maintain Web applications. This article will introduce how to use the Symfony5 framework to build web applications.

Install the Symfony5 framework

First, we need to install the Symfony5 framework, which can be installed using Composer. Execute the following command in your terminal:

composer create-project symfony/website-skeleton my_project_name

This command will create a brand new Symfony5 project on your local machine and automatically install all required dependencies. Once completed, you will have a base project ready for web application development.

Create a controller

The controller of the Symfony5 framework is used to process HTTP requests and form responses. Controllers are usually stored in the src/Controller directory. Create a new controller file in this directory:

// src/Controller/HelloController.php

namespace AppController;

use SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationResponse;

class HelloController
{
    public function index()
    {
        return new Response(
            '<html><body>Hello World!</body></html>'
        );
    }
}

The above controller contains an index() method that handles HTTP requests and returns an HTML response with a "Hello World!" message. In the next step, we will define the route so that the Symfony5 framework knows how to call this controller.

Define Route

To call the controller, we need to define the route in the application. Routes map requests to corresponding controller methods. Define the route in the config/routes.yaml file:

# config/routes.yaml

hello:
    path: /hello
    controller: AppControllerHelloController::index

This route defines the root path of the application /hello and maps the request to the index() method of HelloController.

Running the Application

Now we can run the application using the built-in web server. Enter the following command in the terminal:

php bin/console server:start

This command will start the web server and automatically open the web browser to view the application.

Building Views

The Symfony5 framework uses the Twig template engine to build views for web applications. In order to use Twig, you need to add Twig as a dependency in the composer.json file. Execute the following command:

composer require twig

After completion, you can use Twig in the controller to build a beautiful HTML page:

// src/Controller/HelloController.php

namespace AppController;

use SymfonyBundleFrameworkBundleControllerAbstractController;
use SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationResponse;
use TwigEnvironment;

class HelloController extends AbstractController
{
    public function index(Environment $twig)
    {
        $message = 'Hello World!';
        $html = $twig->render('hello/index.html.twig', [
            'message' => $message,
        ]);

        return new Response($html);
    }
}

In the above code, we use AbstractController as the base class and inject Twig template engine to render views. The controller also includes a simple message (Hello World!) and uses Twig to render the message into an HTML response.

To use Twig, create a new directory hello in the templates directory and create a file named index.html.twig in it. As shown below:

{# templates/hello/index.html.twig #}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Hello</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>{{ message }}</h1>
    </body>
</html>

In the Twig template, use {{ }} to represent the output variable. In this example, we render the $message variable, which contains the message defined in our controller.

Run the application

Finally, we can start the application again using the built-in web server. Enter the following command in the terminal:

php bin/console server:start

This command will start the web server and automatically open the web browser to view the application. You will now be able to view your "Hello World!" page on your browser.

This article describes how to build web applications using the Symfony5 framework. By following the above steps, you can build an efficient, scalable, easy to maintain, and customizable web application in a short time.

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