nginx+keepalived high availability master-slave configuration method

1. System environment and software version

centos 6.6 x64
keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz
nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

Master server: 192.168.38.64

Slave server: 192.168.38.66

vip:192.168.38.100

2. nginx installation (master-slave Installation is consistent)

1. Install dependent environment

Copy code The code is as follows:

yum install gcc gcc-c make automake autoconf libtool pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-developenssl openssl-devel

##2.Upload nginx to the opt directory

3. Unzip and install

　　# tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

　　# cd nginx-1.6.2
　　# ./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx (prefix=/opt/nginx 这个指定的是 nginx目录)
　　# make && make install

4. Modify the nginx listening port and index.html

# vi /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

##vi /opt/nginx/html/index.html

5. nginx startup and common commands

Configuration test: /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t The following interface appears, indicating that the configuration is OK

Start: /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

Restart: /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

Stop: /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

6. Start nginx

vi /etc/rc.local

Join: /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

7. Modify the firewall open port

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

Add: -a input -p tcp -m state --state new -m tcp --dport 8888 -j accept

Restart the firewall:

service iptables restart

8. Problem

Problems encountered when starting nginx

##vi / etc/ld.so.conf

Add: /opt/nginx/lib/

9.nginx load balancing

nginx load balancing Mainly done by the upstream module

Modify the nginx configuration file

vi /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

Add the following content: (the name web_pools Variable)

　　upstream web_pools { 
　　server 10.0.6.108:7080weight=1;
　　 server 10.0.0.85:8980weight=1;
　　}

Configure proxy_pass in the location node under the server node as: http:// upstream name

The result is as follows:

where weight is the weight and backup is the backup server. The backup server will start only after other servers are down.

3. Keepalived installation

1. Upload keepalived to the opt directory

2. Unzip and install

　　tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.18.tar.gz
　　cd keepalived-1.2.18
　　./configure --prefix=/opt/keepalived
　　make && make install

3. Install keepalived as a linux service

cp /opt/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
　　cp /opt/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
　　ln -s /opt/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
　　ln -s /opt/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

4. Set the keepalived service to start at boot

chkconfig keepalived on

5.

Modify the keepalived configuration file

vi /etc/keepalived/ keepalived.conf

　　! configuration file for keepalived (!、#都是注释)

　　global_defs { #全局配置
　　notification_email {
　　　　acassen@firewall.loc
　　　　failover@firewall.loc
　　　　sysadmin@firewall.loc
　　}
　　notification_email_from alexandre.cassen@firewall.loc
　　smtp_server 192.168.200.1
　　smtp_connect_timeout 30
　　router_id lvs_01 #这个配置要唯一
　　}　

　　vrrp_script chk_nginx {
　　　　script "/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh" ## 检测 nginx 状态的脚本路径
　　　　interval 2 ## 检测时间间隔
　　　　weight -20 ## 如果条件成立，权重-20
　　}　

　　vrrp_instance vi_1 { #实例 vi_1 名字可以随意 但是不建议修改
　　　　state master # 主服务器master 从服务器 backup
　　　　interface em1 # em1 网卡
　　　　virtual_router_id 51 #virtual_router_id 主备要一致
　　　　priority 100 　　# 优先级 数字越大 优先级越高 priority 的值 主服务器要大于 从服务器
　　　　advert_int 1　　#设定master与backup负载均衡器之间同步检查的时间间隔，单位是秒
　　　　authentication { # 主从通信 验证类型及密码 
　　　　　　auth_type pass　　#设置vrrp验证类型，主要有pass和ah两种
　　　　　　auth_pass 1111　　#设置vrrp验证密码，在同一个vrrp_instance下，master与backup必须使用相同的密码才能正常通信
　　　　}　

　　　　## 将 track_script 块加入 instance 配置块
　　　　track_script {
　　　　　　chk_nginx ## 执行 nginx 监控的服务
　　　　}

　　　　virtual_ipaddress {
　　　　192.168.38.100/24 #vrrp ha 虚拟地址 如果有多个vip，继续换行填写
　　　　}
　　}　

6. Write nginx status detection script

vi /etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh

The content is as follows:

　　#!/bin/bash

　　a=`ps -c nginx –no-header |wc -l`
　　if [ $a -eq 0 ];then
　　　　/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx
　　　　sleep 2
　　　　if [ `ps -c nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then

　　　　　　killall keepalived
　　　　fi
　　fi

After saving, grant execution permissions to the script:

chmod x/etc/keepalived/nginx_check.sh

7. Note: the differences between keepalived master and slave configuration files

a.router_id is inconsistent

b.state The main server is master and the slave server is backup

c.priority The master server is greater than the slave server

8.keepalived command

Start: servicekeepalived start

Stop: servicekeepalived stop

Restart: servicekeepalived restart

9. Issues to note

a.vip was not bound successfully

Solution: ip addr Check the name of the network card where the local ip is located, and then modify the configuration file

##vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

After saving, servicekeepalived restart can restart the keepalived service

10. Test

Start the master-slave nginx and keepalived services

Master From the server respectively: ip add | grep 192.168.38.100

can be seen on 192.168.38.64

## and at the same time on 192.168.38.66

When you kill keepalived on the master server, the slave server

When you start keepalived on the master server again, there will be results on the master server. , no results from the server.

当杀死 nginx后，keepalived则会自动启动 nginx服务

11. keepalived脑裂 (ip add | grep 192.168.38.100 在主从都有结果)

解决方案：防火墙问题

iptables-iinput4-pvrrp-jaccept 　

service iptables save

service iptables restart

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