本文实例讲述了php实现的双向队列类及其用法,对于PHP数据结构与算法的学习有不错的参考价值。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
(deque,全名double-ended queue)是一种具有队列和栈的性质的数据结构。双向队列中的元素可以从两端弹出,其限定插入和删除操作在表的两端进行。
在实际使用中,还可以有输出受限的双向队列(即一个端点允许插入和删除,另一个端点只允许插入的双向队列)和输入受限的双向队列(即一个端点允许插入和删除,另一个端点只允许删除的双向队列)。而如果限定双向队列从某个端点插入的元素只能从该端点删除,则该双向队列就蜕变为两个栈底相邻的栈了。
DEQue.class.php类文件如下:
<?php /** php 双向队列。支持限定队列长度,输入受限,输出受限,及输出必须与输入同端几种设置 * Date: 2014-04-30 * Author: fdipzone * Ver: 1.0 * * Func: * public frontAdd 前端入列 * public frontRemove 前端出列 * public rearAdd 后端入列 * pulbic rearRemove 后端出列 * public clear 清空对列 * public isFull 判断对列是否已满 * private getLength 获取对列长度 * private setAddNum 记录入列,输出依赖输入时调用 * private setRemoveNum 记录出列,输出依赖输入时调用 * private checkRemove 检查是否输出依赖输入 */ class DEQue{ // class start private $_queue = array(); // 对列 private $_maxLength = 0; // 对列最大长度,0表示不限 private $_type = 0; // 对列类型 private $_frontNum = 0; // 前端插入的数量 private $_rearNum = 0; // 后端插入的数量 /** 初始化 * @param $type 对列类型 * 1:两端均可输入输出 * 2:前端只能输入,后端可输入输出 * 3:前端只能输出,后端可输入输出 * 4:后端只能输入,前端可输入输出 * 5:后端只能输出,前端可输入输出 * 6:两端均可输入输出,在哪端输入只能从哪端输出 * @param $maxlength 对列最大长度 */ public function __construct($type=1, $maxlength=0){ $this->_type = in_array($type, array(1,2,3,4,5,6))? $type : 1; $this->_maxLength = intval($maxlength); } /** 前端入列 * @param Mixed $data 数据 * @return boolean */ public function frontAdd($data=null){ if($this->_type==3){ // 前端输入限制 return false; } if(isset($data) && !$this->isFull()){ array_unshift($this->_queue, $data); $this->setAddNum(1); return true; } return false; } /** 前端出列 * @return Array */ public function frontRemove(){ if($this->_type==2){ // 前端输出限制 return null; } if(!$this->checkRemove(1)){ // 检查是否依赖输入 return null; } $data = null; if($this->getLength()>0){ $data = array_shift($this->_queue); $this->setRemoveNum(1); } return $data; } /** 后端入列 * @param Mixed $data 数据 * @return boolean */ public function rearAdd($data=null){ if($this->_type==5){ // 后端输入限制 return false; } if(isset($data) && !$this->isFull()){ array_push($this->_queue, $data); $this->setAddNum(2); return true; } return false; } /** 后端出列 * @return Array */ public function rearRemove(){ if($this->_type==4){ // 后端输出限制 return null; } if(!$this->checkRemove(2)){ // 检查是否依赖输入 return null; } $data = null; if($this->getLength()>0){ $data = array_pop($this->_queue); $this->setRemoveNum(2); } return $data; } /** 清空对列 * @return boolean */ public function clear(){ $this->_queue = array(); $this->_frontNum = 0; $this->_rearNum = 0; return true; } /** 判断对列是否已满 * @return boolean */ public function isFull(){ $bIsFull = false; if($this->_maxLength!=0 && $this->_maxLength==$this->getLength()){ $bIsFull = true; } return $bIsFull; } /** 获取当前对列长度 * @return int */ private function getLength(){ return count($this->_queue); } /** 记录入列,输出依赖输入时调用 * @param int $endpoint 端点 1:front 2:rear */ private function setAddNum($endpoint){ if($this->_type==6){ if($endpoint==1){ $this->_frontNum ++; }else{ $this->_rearNum ++; } } } /** 记录出列,输出依赖输入时调用 * @param int $endpoint 端点 1:front 2:rear */ private function setRemoveNum($endpoint){ if($this->_type==6){ if($endpoint==1){ $this->_frontNum --; }else{ $this->_rearNum --; } } } /** 检查是否输出依赖输入 * @param int $endpoint 端点 1:front 2:rear */ private function checkRemove($endpoint){ if($this->_type==6){ if($endpoint==1){ return $this->_frontNum>0; }else{ return $this->_rearNum>0; } } return true; } } // class end ?>
demo.php示例代码如下:
<?php require "DEQue.class.php"; // 例子1 $obj = new DEQue(); // 前后端都可以输入,无限长度 $obj->frontAdd('a'); // 前端入列 $obj->rearAdd('b'); // 后端入列 $obj->frontAdd('c'); // 前端入列 $obj->rearAdd('d'); // 后端入列 // 入列后数组应为 cabd $result = array(); $result[] = $obj->rearRemove(); // 后端出列 $result[] = $obj->rearRemove(); // 后端出列 $result[] = $obj->frontRemove(); // 前端出列 $result[] = $obj->frontRemove(); // 前端出列 print_r($result); // 出列顺序应为 dbca // 例子2 $obj = new DEQue(3, 5); // 前端只能输出,后端可输入输出,最大长度5 $insert = array(); $insert[] = $obj->rearAdd('a'); $insert[] = $obj->rearAdd('b'); $insert[] = $obj->frontAdd('c'); // 因前端只能输出,因此这里会返回false $insert[] = $obj->rearAdd('d'); $insert[] = $obj->rearAdd('e'); $insert[] = $obj->rearAdd('f'); $insert[] = $obj->rearAdd('g'); // 超过长度,返回false var_dump($insert); // 例子3 $obj = new DEQue(6); // 输出依赖输入 $obj->frontAdd('a'); $obj->frontAdd('b'); $obj->frontAdd('c'); $obj->rearAdd('d'); $result = array(); $result[] = $obj->rearRemove(); $result[] = $obj->rearRemove(); // 因为输出依赖输入,这个会返回NULL $result[] = $obj->frontRemove(); $result[] = $obj->frontRemove(); $result[] = $obj->frontRemove(); var_dump($result); ?>
完整实例代码点击此处本站下载。
希望本文所述对大家PHP程序算法设计的学习有所帮助。

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