Code inspection tools in PHP

Checking code quality is a task that every programmer must do, and there are many tools in PHP that can be used to check the quality and style of code, thereby improving the readability and maintainability of the code and improving the reliability of the code. sex and safety.

This article will introduce several common PHP code inspection tools and conduct a simple comparison and evaluation of them. I hope it can help readers choose appropriate tools during the development process and improve code quality and efficiency.

1. PHP_CodeSniffer

PHP_CodeSniffer is a widely used PHP code inspection tool. It can check the code for syntax errors, style issues and refactoring suggestions, and based on various Popular coding standards (such as PSR-1, PSR-2, PEAR, Zend, etc.) provide corresponding error reports and suggestions.

PHP_CodeSniffer is based on a simple command line tool and provides a wide range of configuration options, making it suitable for a variety of development environments and projects.

The use of PHP_CodeSniffer is very simple, just install and run the command line script:

$ composer require squizlabs/php_codesniffer --dev
$ phpcs /path/to/code

The first line is to use composer to install PHP_CodeSniffer, and the second line is to run PHP_CodeSniffer. scanning. The above command will output all detected errors and suggestions, along with the file and line number in which they are located.

PHP_CodeSniffer supports multiple code standards and custom rules. You can use configuration files to specify which standards and rules to use, or you can use command line parameters to specify.

2. PHPMD

PHPMD is a tool specifically designed to check code complexity and code smells. It can check for duplicate code, long methods, and long parameter lists in the code. , major categories and other issues, thereby reminding developers to pay attention to the readability and maintainability of the code.

PHPMD is based on the command line tool and is very simple to use:

$ composer require phpmd/phpmd --dev
$ phpmd /path/to/code text [ruleset.xml]

The first line is to use composer to install PHPMD, and the second line is to run PHPMD for scanning. Likewise, the above command will output all detected issues and suggestions, along with the file and line number they are located in.

PHPMD’s detection rules are based on predefined rule sets, and you can also write your own rule sets as needed. Rule sets are XML-formatted files that define the types of issues and suggestions that can be detected, as well as specific ways to detect code.

3. PHPStan

PHPStan is a PHP code inspection tool based on static code analysis. It is different from traditional dynamic code inspection tools. PHPStan can directly analyze PHP code data. Type and control flow, and then check for type errors, undefined variables, invalid parameters and other issues in the code, thereby improving the security and stability of the code.

PHPStan is based on the command line tool and is very simple to use:

$ composer require phpstan/phpstan --dev
$ phpstan analyse /path/to/code

The first line is to use composer to install PHPStan, and the second line is to run PHPStan for analysis. Likewise, the above command will output all detected issues and suggestions, along with the file and line number they are located in.

PHPStan’s detection capability is very powerful and supports all features of PHP7 and above, including type declarations, anonymous classes, Traits, etc. Moreover, PHPStan supports use directly in the editor and provides a variety of IDE plug-ins and extensions, such as VSCode plug-ins, PHPStorm plug-ins, etc.

To sum up, there are many choices for code checking tools in PHP, from PHP_CodeSniffer based on syntax checking, to PHPMD based on code complexity, to PHPStan based on static code analysis, each tool has own unique functions and advantages and disadvantages.

Which tool to choose depends on the needs of the project and the developer's personal preferences, but no matter which tool you choose, it can help developers improve code quality and development efficiency, and reduce the risk of code errors.

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