golang development steps

With the development of the Internet era, programming language technology is also constantly updated and upgraded. Go language (Golang), as an open source static type programming language, is favored by more and more developers. The Go language focuses on object-oriented programming and has the advantages of high efficiency, strong readability, and good concurrency performance. It has continuously become one of the first choices for developing cloud computing, microservices, network programming and other fields. This article will introduce the golang development steps to help developers have a deep understanding of the language and master its usage skills.

1. Environment configuration

You need to configure the environment first before development. The official website of Go language provides multiple installation packages for different operating systems in the official package. After the installation is completed, you need to configure the environment variables according to your own needs, including the three environment variables GOROOT, GOPATH, and PATH. Among them,

1.GOROOT: the installation path of Go language.

2.GOPATH: used to specify the working path, which contains the source code of the Go language, third-party packages and self-written code.

3.PATH: Add the GOROOT/bin and GOPATH/bin paths to the system PATH variable to facilitate us using the go command on the command line.

2. IDE Selection

For beginners, it is recommended to use GoLand, a professional Golang integrated development environment (IDE), because it relies on the built-in smart code editor to effectively speed up development. . At the same time, the IDE is equipped with many tools, such as code analysis tools, debugging tools, construction tools, testing tools, etc., which are very convenient for developers to develop, test, compile, and build, and are suitable for different development needs. Of course, in addition to GoLand, there are also editors such as Visual Studio Code and Sublime Text that can also be used for Go language development. You only need to download the Go plug-in.

3. Code structure

In the Go language development process, we need to write code according to specifications to ensure that it is acceptable when used. Before you start writing code, you need to be familiar with the code structure of the Go language. Its structure is as follows:

1.package statement: Each Go program should be a package, and the package statement is the first statement of the Go language program. , used to declare what package this program belongs to.

2.Import statement: For external packages that need to be called, use the import statement to import them to facilitate the use of functions and methods in the external package.

3. Function body: Write the code in the main part to implement specific business functions.

4.main function: The main function is the entry point of the program. Every Go program must contain and can only contain one main function.

5. Concurrent programming

The Go language has built-in support for concurrent (concurrency) programming, which can achieve high concurrent program efficiency with very little code. When writing Go programs, you can use goroutine and channel to implement concurrent programming. Goroutine is a lightweight thread that can achieve thread-like concurrent processing; channel is used to implement communication between goroutines to avoid race conditions caused by multiple goroutines. question. Concurrent programming is one of the highlights of the Go language, so it is recommended that developers master this part.

6. Testing

Testing is an important part of any programmer developing applications. The Go language also has its own testing framework, which can perform unit testing, performance testing, stress testing, etc. The testing package and go test command in the Go testing framework can help developers easily write test code without affecting the production environment during the testing process.

7. Compilation and Deployment

Go language provides a command called go build, which can compile the program into an executable file. During the compilation process, detailed settings can be made by specifying parameters such as the output file name, ldflags of the compilation connection, and build tags. After compiling the program, you can deploy the resulting executable file to your own server or a third-party cloud hosting platform. The compilation and deployment process of Go language is relatively simple and fast, which is one of the reasons why Go language is used in cloud computing, microservices and other fields.

Summary

This article provides a detailed introduction to the Go language development steps, including development environment configuration, IDE selection, code structure, concurrent programming, testing, compilation and deployment, etc. , hoping to help developers understand and master this language more deeply, and apply it in the daily development process to complete more exciting projects.

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