JavaScript is a scripting language used to add interactivity and dynamic effects to web pages. In web development, tables are one of the commonly used elements. By using JavaScript, you can easily modify the style of a table to make it more beautiful and easier to read.
1. Add styles to the table
Before we start modifying the table style, we need to add styles to the table. We use CSS to define styles for the table, and then use JavaScript to modify those styles. The following example demonstrates how to add styles to a table:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
width: 100%;
}
th, td {
text-align: left;
padding: 8px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}
tr:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #f2f2f2;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>年龄</th>
<th>性别</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>张三</td>
<td>25</td>
<td>男</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>李四</td>
<td>32</td>
<td>女</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>王五</td>
<td>18</td>
<td>男</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>In the above example, we defined the following styles:
-
border-collapse: collapse;means Merge the borders of cells. -
width: 100%;Indicates that the table occupies 100% of the width of the parent container. -
th, tdIndicates the style of the table header and table data -
text-align: left;Indicates that the data is left aligned. -
padding: 8px;means the distance between the data and the border is 8 pixels. -
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;Indicates that the border thickness at the bottom of each row of data is 1 pixel and the color is light gray. -
tr:nth-child(even)means changing the background color every other line.
2. Use JavaScript to modify the table style
Now that we have defined the styles for the table, the next step is to use JavaScript to modify these styles. Here are some examples that demonstrate how to change the table style using JavaScript:
- Change the table background color:
document.getElementsByTagName("table")[0].style.backgroundColor = "#f9f9f9";This example changes the background color of the table to light gray.
- Change the header background color:
var th = document.getElementsByTagName("th");
for (var i = 0; i < th.length; i++) {
th[i].style.backgroundColor = "#ddd";
}This example changes the background color of the header to light gray.
- Change the font size of all cells in the table:
var td = document.getElementsByTagName("td");
for (var i = 0; i < td.length; i++) {
td[i].style.fontSize = "16px";
}This example changes the font size of all cells in the table to 16 pixels.
- Change the font color of all even-numbered rows in the table:
var tr = document.getElementsByTagName("tr");
for (var i = 1; i < tr.length; i += 2) {
var td = tr[i].getElementsByTagName("td");
for (var j = 0; j < td.length; j++) {
td[j].style.color = "#999";
}
}This example changes the font color of all even-numbered rows in the table to light gray.
- Change the border style of the cells in the first column of the table:
var td = document.getElementsByTagName("td");
for (var i = 0; i < td.length; i += 3) {
td[i].style.borderRight = "1px solid #ddd";
}This example changes the right border of the cells in the first column of the table to 1 pixel lighter Gray border.
- Hide the last column in the table:
var table = document.getElementsByTagName("table")[0];
var td = table.getElementsByTagName("td");
for (var i = td.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if ((i + 1) % 3 === 0) {
td[i].parentNode.removeChild(td[i]);
}
}This example deletes the last column of cells in the table.
Summary
In this article, we learned how to modify table styles using JavaScript. By using these techniques, you can easily create and modify beautified tables. Depending on your needs, you can use JavaScript to add dynamic effects and interactivity to the table. Now that you have learned how to modify table styles, try using JavaScript to beautify your tables!
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