CSS Style Steps
Preface
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is an indispensable part of web development. It can add styles to elements in HTML documents to beautify web pages. and improvement of user experience. Before using CSS, we need to make sure we have mastered the basics of HTML. This article will introduce the steps and usage of CSS styles.
Step 1: Write CSS styles
In HTML files, you can add CSS styles in two ways. The first is to write the CSS style in the tag of the HTML file through an internal style sheet. The code is as follows:
<head>
<style>
/* CSS代码 */
</style>
</head>The second is to introduce a CSS file into the HTML file through an external style sheet. The code is as follows:
<head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> </head>
No matter which way, we need to write CSS style code. The basic syntax of CSS is as follows:
selector {property: value;}Among them, selector indicates which elements the style is applied to, property indicates the attribute that needs to be set, and value indicates the attribute value. For example:
h1 {
color: red;
font-size: 24px;
}Step 2: Selector
When writing CSS styles, consider the type, category, ID, etc. of the elements to which the style needs to be applied. These different elements can be selected using selectors and styled differently. Here are some common selectors.
- Element selector
The element selector selects the corresponding element through the element name.
p {
font-size: 16px;
color: #333;
}- Class selector
The class selector selects the corresponding element through the class name.
.class {
color: #f00;
}In HTML, add a class name to an element through the class attribute:
<p class="class">这是一个段落</p>
- ID selector
ID selector passes the ID of the element Attribute to select the corresponding element.
#id {
font-weight: bold;
color: #000;
}In HTML, add an ID to an element through the id attribute:
<p id="id">这是一个段落</p>
Step 3: Layout and box model
CSS style can not only set the color and size of the element and other styles, and can also provide support for the layout and structural design of web pages. Understanding the box model is an important foundation for layout and design.
- Box model
The box model can regard elements as boxes, divided into border (border), padding (inner margin) and margin (outer margin) )three parts.
We can set different properties for these three parts, for example:
.box {
border: 1px solid #000;
padding: 10px;
margin: 10px;
}- Layout
CSS provides There are many ways to carry out layout and design. Here are some common ways.
- Floating
Float one element to the left or right of another element through the float attribute to achieve the layout of multiple elements. For example:
.box1 {
float: left;
}
.box2 {
float: right;
}- Positioning
The position attribute can be used to position elements to different positions on the web page, such as relative to the top, left side, etc. of the page. The position attribute has four values, namely static (default value), relative, absolute and fixed.
.box {
position: relative;
top: 10px;
left: 20px;
}- Flexible layout
The flexible box model can implement adaptive layout through the flex attribute. A container set to flex will automatically adjust the position and size of child elements according to different sizes.
.container {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}Step 4: Responsive Design
Responsive design is an increasingly important part of web development. As device types and screen sizes continue to change, there is a need to provide different layouts and styles for different devices and screen sizes. Here are two common responsive design methods.
- Media Queries
Media queries allow you to set different styles for different devices and screen sizes. For example:
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.box {
width: 100%;
margin: 0;
}
}When the screen width is less than or equal to 768px, the style will be automatically applied.
- Flexible layout
The flexible box model can implement responsive layout through media query. For example:
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.container {
flex-direction: column;
}
}When the screen width is less than or equal to 768px, the flex container will arrange the child elements vertically.
Summary
CSS style steps include writing CSS styles, selectors, layout and box models, and responsive design. In actual development, we need to determine the appropriate style and layout based on specific needs to achieve beautification and structural design of the web page. Proficient in the basic knowledge and common techniques of CSS can greatly improve the efficiency of web development.
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