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HomeOperation and MaintenanceNginxHow Nginx reverse proxy implements session persistence

1. ip_hash:

ip_hash uses the source address hash algorithm to always send requests from the same client to the same back-end server unless the server is unavailable .

ip_hash syntax:

 upstream backend {
  ip_hash;
  server backend1.example.com;
  server backend2.example.com;
  server backend3.example.com down;
  server backend4.example.com;
}

ip_hash is simple and easy to use, but has the following problems:

  • When the back-end server goes down, the session will be lost;

  • Clients from the same LAN will be forwarded to the same back-end server, which may cause load imbalance;

  • Not applicable For CDN networks, it is not suitable for situations where there is an agent in the previous stage.

2. sticky_cookie_insert:

Use sticky_cookie_insert to enable session affinity, which will cause requests from the same client to be blocked. Delivered to a group of servers on the same server. The difference from ip_hash is that it does not judge the client based on IP, but based on cookie. Therefore, the load imbalance caused by the client and front-end proxy from the same LAN in the above ip_hash can be avoided.

Syntax:

 upstream backend {
  server backend1.example.com;
  server backend2.example.com;
  sticky_cookie_insert srv_id expires=1h domain=toxingwang.com path=/;
}

Description:

  • expires: Set the time to keep cookies in the browser

  • domain: defines the domain of the cookie

  • path: defines the path for the cookie

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