How to create a local branch in git

Git is a very popular version control system. Using Git for version control allows us to better manage code. In Git, branching is a very important concept, which can realize multi-version management and development of code. This article will introduce how to create a local branch in Git.

1. What is a branch?

A branch refers to a named, mutable commit chain in a Git repository. In the Git repository, there is a branch named "master" by default. We can commit on the "master" branch, or create a new branch outside the "master" branch for development.

The advantage of using branches is that it allows us to isolate the current development tasks during the code development and modification process without affecting the original code. At the same time, developing on different branches can ensure that the development of various functions will not interfere with each other. When you need to merge the code of each branch, Git also provides the function of merging branches, which makes it easy to merge the code.

2. Establish local branches

In Git, establishing local branches is very simple. Just use the "git branch" command plus the branch name in the current warehouse. For example:

$ git branch develop

This creates a new branch named "develop". At this time, we have not switched to this branch yet. Use the "git branch" command to view all current branches and their status.

$ git branch

* master
  develop

The branch where the "*" sign is located is the current branch. "master" is the main branch created by default, and "develop" is the newly created branch.

If you need to switch to the "develop" branch, you can use the "git checkout" command to switch. For example:

$ git checkout develop

After switching to the "develop" branch, code modifications and submissions can be made on this branch. If you need to view the current branch, you can use the "git status" command to view status information.

$ git status

On branch develop
nothing to commit, working tree clean

3. Create a branch based on a certain commit point

In actual development, we can not only establish a branch on the current branch, but also branch on a certain commit point of establishment. This can be done using the following command:

$ git branch new_branch_name commit_SHA

where "new_branch_name" is the name of the new branch, and "commit_SHA" is the commit number of a specified submission point.

4. Merge Branches

After we have completed development on different branches, we can merge the two branches. Git provides two merge methods: merge and rebase. Here we take merge as an example to explain.

First, we need to switch to the branch that needs to accept changes and use the "git merge" command to merge the branches. For example, if you need to merge the "develop" branch into the "master" branch:

$ git checkout master
$ git merge develop

This completes the branch merging.

It should be noted that if conflicts occur when merging branches, they need to be resolved manually. Git will remind us of conflicting files and related information. We need to manually modify the code in the code file, then use the "git add" command to add the modified file to the staging area, and finally use the "git commit" command to commit.

5. Summary

It is very simple to create a local branch in Git. You only need to use the "git branch" command and add the branch name. We can also create branches at a certain submission point and merge branches. Using branches can help us better manage and develop code, and can also avoid various mutual interference problems.

The above is the detailed content of How to create a local branch in git. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!