git failed to modify username and email

In the process of using Git for version control, we often need to configure the user name and email address. This information is used to identify the submitter. However, in some cases, we may need to modify this information, such as because we have changed our personal email address, or because we want to protect our privacy. However, when we executed the Git config --global user.name and Git config --global user.email commands to make changes, we found that Git did not respond and could not modify the user name and email. Why is this? How to solve this problem? This article will describe it in detail.

Cause Analysis

First of all, we need to make it clear that Git is a version control system used to store and manage code. It does not automatically update the submitter's information. When users make Git commits, they need to manually enter the submitter information corresponding to each submission.

Therefore, when we update the username and email address, we need to manually enter new information in each subsequent submission operation, otherwise the username and email address before modification will be used by default. Therefore, by default, Git will not automatically update the previous commit history, which is one of the reasons why changing the user name and email address does not take effect.

In addition, it is also possible that we did not specify the user name and email address correctly in the Git configuration file, or we did not add the --global option, resulting in the modified user name and email address being only in the current project. takes effect, not globally.

Solution

1. Update the new user name and email information in the Git configuration file

We can use the following command in the Git configuration file (~/.gitconfig) Update new username and email information:

git config --global user.name "新的用户名"
git config --global user.email "新的邮箱地址"

Make sure the new username and email address you enter exactly match the user information you want to update. After the modification is successful, just enter the new user information when submitting Git.

2. Update the user name and email information in the Git submission history

If you want to update the user name and email information in the Git submission history, you need to use the following command:

git filter-branch -f --env-filter "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=新用户名; GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=新邮箱地址; GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=新用户名; GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=新邮箱地址;" HEAD

This command will rewrite the submitter information in the Git submission history. In this way, the past submitter information can be updated.

Please note that this command will delete all commit records before modification, so please operate with caution. Additionally, before executing this command, you may want to back up your Git repository to ensure data security.

3. Add the --global option

If you do not add the --global option when executing the Git command, the modified user name and email information will only take effect in the current project and will not be used in the current project. Valid globally. Therefore, you need to add the --global option when executing the command:

git config --global user.name "新用户名" 
git config --global user.email "新邮箱地址"

By adding the --global option, you can ensure that the user information you modify will take effect in all Git projects.

Summary

Through the above solutions, we can easily modify the user name and email address in Git. When modifying, make sure that the new user information entered is exactly the same as the information you want to update. Of course, be careful when using the filter-branch command to update the user name and email information in the Git submission history. During operation, you need to back up your Git repository to ensure data security.

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