How to commit coverage in git

In the process of using Git to manage projects, sometimes we may need to submit an existing file to overwrite the previously submitted version. This article will introduce how Git performs commit coverage.

First of all, we need to understand the three areas in Git: workspace, staging area and repository. The workspace is the directory where we work daily, the staging area is the area used to store the files we will submit, and the repository is the storage area for the files we have already submitted.

Next, we will introduce in detail how to use Git for commit coverage:

Step 1: View the commit record of the current branch

First, we need to view the commits of the current branch Records can be viewed through the following command:

git log

This command can view the commit history of the current branch, where each record has a unique SHA value , you can use this value to determine the submitted version.

Step 2: Add the files that need to be overwritten to the staging area

To add the files that need to be overwritten to the staging area, use the following command:

git add <file>

This command will add the files that need to be overwritten to the temporary storage area, ready for submission.

Step 3: Perform commit coverage

Next, we can use the following command to perform commit coverage:

git commit --amend -m “< message>”

The --amend option in this command indicates that we want to make a modification submission, not a new submission. The -m option is used to specify new commit information.

After executing this command, Git will enter edit mode, allowing users to modify the last submitted information. In this mode, we can modify commit messages, add or delete files, etc.

If we only want to modify the submission message, we can modify it directly in edit mode and exit the editor after saving; if we need to add or delete files, we can perform the corresponding operations in edit mode.

It should be noted that when using this command to commit overwrite, we need to ensure that the file name and path are the same as the previously submitted version, otherwise the commit overwrite will fail.

Step 4: Push the modified commit

After completing the commit coverage, we need to push the modified commit to the remote warehouse, use the following command:

git push -f

The -f option in this command indicates that we are going to force push, which will overwrite the previous commit history. Be aware that force pushing may break other people's work, so you need to think carefully before using it.

Summary:

There are several steps to commit overwriting in Git:

1. View the commit record of the current branch
2. will need to be overwritten Add the file to the staging area
3. Perform commit overwrite
4. Push the modified commit

It should be noted that commit overwrite needs to be done with caution, because it will Destroying previous commit history may cause problems for other people's work. Therefore, you need to think carefully before using it to ensure that the files that need to be overwritten are the same as the previous version, and understand the risks of force push.

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