Getting Started with PHP: The Laravel Framework

In today's Internet era, website development is an extremely hot industry, and PHP language has become one of the preferred development languages ​​​​for many programmers. The open source nature of the PHP language has made it rapidly popular in the development community, and has gradually formed some excellent PHP frameworks. Among them, the Laravel framework is one of the popular PHP frameworks.

This article will introduce readers to the basic knowledge and usage of the Laravel framework from an entry-level perspective.

1. Overview of the Laravel framework

Laravel is an open source PHP web application framework that uses MVCM (where MVC refers to model-view-controller, and M is business logic layer, V is the display layer, and C is the control layer; the M layer and V layer are mainly responsible for displaying the page and processing data, and the C layer is the bridge connecting the M layer and V layer). Its official website is laravel. com.

The main advantages of the Laravel framework are the following:

1. Simple and easy to learn: The syntax of the Laravel framework is very concise and easy to understand.

2. Strong flexibility: The Laravel framework provides a set of powerful coding tools, allowing developers to freely and flexibly combine codes as needed to meet various development needs.

3. High security: The Laravel framework provides some security protection functions by default, such as data cannot be injected, XSS attacks, etc.

4. Strong community support: The development community of the Laravel framework is very large. Developers can get a lot of learning and usage help through the official website, documents, community forums, etc.

2. Installation and configuration of Laravel framework

The installation of Laravel framework is relatively simple, we can install it through composer (PHP package manager). After installing composer, enter the following command in the command line window:

composer global require "laravel/installer=~1.1"

Here we are required to install Laravel's Installer globally, and the version cannot be lower than In 1.1.

After the installation is complete, execute the following command:

laravel new your-project-name

where your-project-name represents the name of the project you created.

3. Basic operations

1. Routing

In the Laravel framework, routing is a URL configuration method. We can let Laravel automatically complete matching and guide to the specified function method by configuring routing in the web.php file.

For example:

Route::get('/', function () {

return view('welcome');

});

Here we configure "/ "The path corresponds to an anonymous function that returns the view 'welcome'. In this simple way, the mapping of paths and functions can be completed.

2. Controller

In Laravel, the controller is one of our core organizational methods. It is responsible for responding to routing, processing corresponding requests and returning corresponding results. In Laravel, the way to define a controller is very simple. We only need to create the corresponding php files and methods in the app/Http/Controllers directory.

For example:

php

namespace AppHttpControllers;

use AppUser;
use AppHttpControllersController;

class UserController extends Controller
{

/**
 * Show the profile for the given user.
 *
 * @param  int  $id
 * @return Response
 */
public function show($id)
{
    return view('user.profile', ['user' => User::findOrFail($id)]);
}

}

In this example, we define a UserController controller and define a show function in it. Its function is to pass in an id and then return the corresponding view and user information.

3. Model

The model is the data model in the MVC architecture, which implements business logic, interaction with the database and other functions. In Laravel, model classes can be generated through command line tools.

php artisan make:model User

After implementing the model, you can call its methods to obtain data, for example:

$user = User::where('name' , 'like', '%john%')->get();

Among them, the User::where method represents users whose name field contains 'john'.

4. View Template

In Laravel, we use the Blade view template engine to generate views. Blade is very simple to use, you can use tags such as @if, @foreach, {{$var}}, etc. in the view. We just need to load the view template by using the view function in the controller.

For example:

php

Route::get('/welcome', function () {

return view('welcome');

});

The view file configured here is the 'welcome.blade.php' file corresponding to "/welcome".

5. Database Operation

In Laravel, database operations can be performed through Eloquent ORM and Query Builder. Among them, Eloquent ORM is an ORM framework based on ActiveRecord, and Query Builder provides a very convenient method for database query.

For example:

php

// Eloquent ORM
$user = User::find(1);

// Query Builder
$users = DB::table('users')->get();

It should be noted that Eloquent ORM is usually a more recommended way, which allows us to use object-oriented This way to operate the database is very convenient, fast and safer.

6. Summary

Laravel is an excellent PHP framework. It is characterized by being easy to learn, flexible, and safe. It can provide us with very efficient and rapid development. Way. In this article, we briefly introduce how to use the Laravel framework for development and introduce some important concepts in the Laravel framework. I hope it will be helpful for PHP beginners to learn and master the Laravel framework.

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