linux installation oracle command

Installing Oracle on a Linux system requires executing a series of commands to complete the process. The following are the detailed steps for installing Oracle commands:

1. Install the necessary software packages

When installing Oracle in a Linux system, you need to first install the software packages necessary to manage the database. These packages include: binutils, compat-libcap1, compat-libstdc-33, gcc, gcc-c, glibc, glibc-devel, ksh, libaio, libaio-devel, libgcc, libstdc, libstdc-devel, make, numactl-devel , sysstat.

Before installing the package, check whether it is installed. You can use the following command to check:

rpm -qa | grep -i 包名

For example, to check whether the binutils package is installed, you can execute the following command:

rpm -qa | grep -i binutils

If the package is not found, you need to use the yum command to install it. . For example, to install the binutils software package, you can execute the following command:

yum install binutils

2. Create users and groups

In order to ensure the security of the Oracle database, special users and groups need to be created. Before creating users and groups, you need to determine the name and version number of the database. Then execute the following three commands:

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba

useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

The above commands create two groups and a user named oracle. User oracle will have permissions to install and manage Oracle databases.

3. Set kernel parameters and environment variables

You need to set some kernel parameters and environment variables when installing the Oracle database. These parameters and variables are very important during the installation and operation of the Oracle database. The following are the required settings:

• Kernel parameters

Oracle database needs to modify the kernel parameters to handle large databases. The following are the kernel parameters that need to be modified:

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

To make the kernel parameters permanent, you can add the above settings to the /etc/sysctl.conf file, and then reload the sysctl.conf file using the following command:

sysctl -p

• Environment variables

Set the environment variables required for the Oracle database. In order to facilitate management and operation, it is recommended to add the environment variables to the .bash_profile file of the oracle user.

The following are sample environment variables:

export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

4. Download and decompress the Oracle installation package

Download the required version of Oracle installation from the official website (www.oracle.com) Bag. Copy the downloaded file to the Linux server and use the following command to decompress the installation package:

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database.zip

5. Install the Oracle database

To install the Oracle database, you need to run the runInstaller script. Before running the runInstaller script, you need to switch to the oracle user and set the DISPLAY variable (based on GUI or web interface). Run the runInstaller script using the following command:

su - oracle
export DISPLAY=:0.0
./runInstaller

After executing the runInstaller script, you will see the startup screen of the Oracle installation wizard. Just follow the wizard to configure and install.

6. Operations after the installation is completed

After installing the Oracle database, you need to perform the following operations to make it run normally:

• Configure TNS Listener

TNS Listener is used to handle database connection requests issued by the client. Run the netca script to configure the TNS Listener. Run the netca script using the following command:

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca

• Connect to the Oracle database

Use the sqlplus command to connect to the Oracle database. Execute the following command:

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus / as sysdba

• Configure Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle Enterprise Manager is an enterprise-level management and monitoring tool that can be used to manage Oracle databases. To configure Oracle Enterprise Manager, use the emca script to execute the following command:

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emca -config dbcontrol db

Through the above steps, you can successfully install the Oracle database on the Linux operating system. The installation process given above is for the Oracle 11g version, and other versions are slightly different. However, in other versions, the entire installation process is more or less the same.

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