How to return when git merge fails

Git is one of the most popular version control systems now. Although it can help us better manage code, sometimes we may encounter merge problems, such as merge failures. If Git merge fails, how should we go back? This article will introduce several methods.

1. Forced overwrite merge

When merging branches, if the "merge conflict" method is used, but the merge fails, then we can try to fix it by "forced merge" method .

git merge --abort
git merge --strategy-option=theirs branch-to-merge

First, we use the "git merge --abort" command to undo the previous merge operation, and then use the "git merge --strategy-option=theirs branch-to-merge" command to force the remote branch to be overwritten to local branch. The risk with this workaround is that the current branch will be overwritten instead of merged, so caution should be exercised when confirming the operation.

2. Rollback merge

If we are merging a branch and we are sure that it is wrong, we can use the "git reset" command to undo the merge operation.

git reset --hard HEAD^
git push -f origin master

This command will reset to the previous version using the HEAD^ version and overwrite the remote branch. The risk with this workaround is that if other updates have been pushed before rolling back, we will lose those updates.

3. Activate backup

Git provides a backup mechanism through the "stash" command, which can retain the contents of the current workspace while performing other operations. If we encounter a problem during a merge operation, we can use "stash" to back up our work, then restore the backup after fixing the merge problem.

git stash
git merge branch-to-merge
git stash pop

This will use the "stash" command to save the changes to the current branch, perform the merge operation, and then use the "stash pop" command to restore the backup. The benefit of this workaround is that even if an error occurs, the contents of the workspace are preserved.

4. Undo the commit

If we have submitted the wrong merge to the repository, we can use the "git revert" command to undo the commit.

git revert -m 1 HEAD

This command will undo the previous commit using the commit message from HEAD, using the "-m 1" option to indicate that we wish to rollback to the merged parent commit. The benefit of this workaround is that even if we push other updates after the retraction, our previous erroneous commit will still be retained in the history.

In short, when Git merge fails, you can use the above method to return and repair. For each method, we should choose the most suitable one based on our personal needs and err on the side of caution by backing up important data before proceeding.

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