golang text garbled characters

Golang is a programming language launched by Google. Because of its excellent performance and efficient concurrency mechanism, it has attracted more and more attention and love from developers. However, when developing applications using Golang, you may encounter text garbled problems. This article will introduce the causes and solutions of garbled Chinese characters in Golang.

1. Reason Analysis

Golang is a language that uses UTF-8 encoding, and its default character encoding is also UTF-8. Since UTF-8 can represent characters in most languages, Golang is very good at string processing. However, because the encoding format may be inconsistent in different environments, garbled characters may occur when reading or outputting strings.

1.1 Operating system encoding format is inconsistent

In different operating systems, the character encoding format may be inconsistent. For example, in Windows systems, the GBK encoding format is commonly used; while in Linux or Mac systems , the UTF-8 encoding format is used. When Golang reads or outputs strings, if the correct encoding format is not specified, garbled characters will occur.

1.2 Database encoding format is inconsistent

When storing data in the database, if the encoding format of the database is inconsistent with Golang, garbled characters will also occur. For example, when storing strings in a MySQL database in Golang, if the correct character set encoding is not specified, garbled characters will occur.

1.3 Inconsistent network transmission encoding format

When using the HTTP protocol for data transmission, if the correct character encoding format is not specified, garbled characters will occur. For example, if Golang is used to write an API on the server side, if the character encoding format in the request sent by the client is inconsistent, garbled characters will occur.

2. Solution

In order to solve the problem of garbled Chinese characters in Golang, we can take some measures.

2.1 Specify the correct character encoding format

When we read or output a string, we need to ensure that the correct character encoding format is specified to ensure the correctness of the character stream. In Golang, multiple encoding formats such as UTF-8 encoding or GBK encoding can be used. The specific encoding format to be used needs to be selected according to the specific situation.

Use UTF-8 encoding format:

str := "hello 世界"
fmt.Println(str) // 输出：hello 世界

Use GBK encoding format:

str := "hello 世界"
enc := mahonia.NewEncoder("gbk")
outStr := enc.ConvertString(str)
fmt.Println(outStr) // 输出：hello é�ç??é??

2.2 Specify database character set encoding

When storing data in the database When doing this, you need to ensure that the character set encoding of the database is consistent with Golang's encoding format. In the MySQL database, you can use the following command to view the character set encoding of the current database and table:

show VARIABLES like '%char%';
show CREATE TABLE table_name;

If you find that the character set encoding is inconsistent, you can use the following command to modify the character set encoding of the database and table:

alter database mytest character set utf8mb4;
alter table mytable character set utf8mb4;

In Golang, you need to specify the correct character set encoding when opening a database connection, such as:

import (
    "database/sql"
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)

func main() {
    db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "user:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/mytest?charset=utf8mb4")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    defer db.Close()
    // ...
}

2.3 Specify the HTTP request character encoding format

When using the HTTP protocol for data transmission , you need to ensure that the client and server use the same character encoding format. The character encoding format can be specified in the HTTP header, for example:

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/hello", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
        fmt.Fprintf(w, "hello 世界")
    })
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

3. Summary

When using Golang for application development, you need to pay attention to character encoding issues to avoid garbled text problems. This problem can be solved by specifying the correct character encoding format, database character set encoding, and HTTP request character encoding format.

The above is the detailed content of golang text garbled characters. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!