Analysis of the difference between structure type and array type of Golang function

In Golang, the data types of functions can be divided into structure types and array types. There are important differences between these two types. This article will analyze their differences.

1. Structure type

Structure is a data type composed of some fields. These fields can be of different types, basic types or other custom types. In Golang, use the keyword "struct" to define a structure type, and then use the type name to create an instance of the structure. A structure can access its fields through dot notation, and can also use pointers to obtain and modify its fields.

In Golang, the member variables of a structure cannot be of its own type, and the structure type can be nested, that is, a structure can contain another structure.

The following is an example of a simple structure type:

type Person struct {
    name string
    age  int
}

In the above example, we define a structure type named "Person", which contains two member variables : A string type "name" and an integer type "age".

2. Array type

An array is a data structure of limited length, consisting of elements of the same type. When declaring an array variable, you need to specify the type of elements in the array and the length of the array. In Golang, the length of arrays is fixed and array elements can be accessed through subscripts.

The following is an example of a simple array type:

var arr [3]int // 声明一个长度为3，元素类型为int的数组

In the above example, we declared an array named "arr" which has 3 elements, each element The type is int.

3. The difference between structure types and array types

1. Types of member variables: Structure types can contain different types of member variables; while elements in array types must be the same type.
2. Difference in size: The size of a structure type is determined based on the type and number of its member variables; while the size of an array type is determined only based on the type and number of its elements.
3. Memory allocation method: Instances of structure types are usually allocated on the heap memory; instances of array types are usually allocated on the stack memory.
4. How to access elements: Instances of structure types can access their fields through dots, while instances of array types need to access their elements through subscripts.

In short, structure types and array types each have their own unique characteristics and uses. For scenarios where different types of data need to be organized, we should use structure types; for scenarios where we need to store elements of the same type, we should use array types.

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