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How to use nginx to build a file server for uploading and downloading in a container
- 王林forward
- 2023-05-15 23:49:042021browse
1. Install nginx container
In order for nginx to support file upload, you need to download and run the container with the nginx-upload-module module:
sudo podman pull docker.io/dimka2014/nginx-upload-with-progress-modules:latest sudo podman -d --name nginx -p 83:80 docker.io/dimka2014/nginx-upload-with-progress-modules
The container also has nginx- upload-module module and nginx-upload-progress-module module.
NoteThis container is Alpine Linux, there is no bash, and some commands are different from other Linux distributions.
Use the following command to enter the container:
sudo podman exec -it nginx /bin/sh
As a file server, you need to display the local time, which is not the local time by default. Set the local time through the following series of commands:
apk update apk add tzdata echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone rm -rf /etc/localtime cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime apk del tzdata
Create the root directory of the file server:
mkdir -p /nginx/share
2. Configure nginx
The path of the configuration file is / etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf, as
server {
……
charset utf-8; # 设置字符编码，避免中文乱码
location / {
root /nginx/share; # 根目录
autoindex on; # 开启索引功能
autoindex_exact_size off; # 关闭计算文件确切大小（单位bytes），只显示大概大小（单位kb、mb、gb）
autoindex_localtime on; # 显示本地时间
}
}At this point our file service is configured, you need to use the following command to make the configuration take effect:
nginx -s reload
3. Support file upload
1. Configure nginx
The above configuration has completed the configuration of the file server, but the file cannot be uploaded. I want to upload the file. , you also need to make the following configuration:
server {
……
charset utf-8; # 设置字符编码，避免中文乱码
client_max_body_size 32m;
upload_limit_rate 1M; # 限制上传速度最大1M
# 设置upload.html页面路由
location = /upload.html {
root /nginx; # upload.html所在路径
}
location /upload {
# 限制上传文件最大30MB
upload_max_file_size 30m;
# 设置后端处理交由@rename处理。由于nginx-upload-module模块在存储时并不是按上传的文件名存储的，所以需要自行改名。
upload_pass @rename;
# 指定上传文件存放目录，1表示按1位散列，将上传文件随机存到指定目录下的0、1、2、...、8、9目录中（这些目录要手动建立）
upload_store /tmp/nginx 1;
# 上传文件的访问权限，user:r表示用户只读，w表示可写
upload_store_access user:r;
# 设置传给后端处理的表单数据，包括上传的原始文件名，上传的内容类型，临时存储的路径
upload_set_form_field $upload_field_name.name "$upload_file_name";
upload_set_form_field $upload_field_name.content_type "$upload_content_type";
upload_set_form_field $upload_field_name.path "$upload_tmp_path";
upload_pass_form_field "^submit$|^description$";
# 设置上传文件的md5值和文件大小
upload_aggregate_form_field "${upload_field_name}_md5" "$upload_file_md5";
upload_aggregate_form_field "${upload_field_name}_size" "$upload_file_size";
# 如果出现下列错误码则删除上传的文件
upload_cleanup 400 404 499 500-505;
}
location @rename {
# 后端处理
proxy_pass http://localhost:81;
}
}In the above configuration, temporary storage is stored by 1-bit hash, and you need to manually create several directories 0~9 in the upload directory.
mkdir -p /tmp/nginx cd /tmp/nginx mkdir 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 chown nginx:root . -R
2. Add upload.html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>上传</title> </head> <body> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <form name="upload" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="upload"> <input type="file" name="file"/> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="上传"/> </form> </body> </html>
3. Add subsequent processing services
You need to install python and the required libraries first
apk add python3 pip3 install bottle pip3 install shutilwhich
python Service source code:
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from bottle import *
import shutil
@post("/upload")
def postExample():
try:
dt = request.forms.dict
filenames = dt.get('file.name')
tmp_path = dt.get("file.tmp_path")
filepaths = dt.get("file.path")
count = filenames.__len__()
dir = os.path.abspath(filepaths[0])
for i in range(count):
print("rename %s to %s" % (tmp_path[i], os.path.join(dir, filenames[i])))
target = os.path.join(dir, filenames[i])
shutil.move(tmp_path[i], target)
shutil.chown(target, "nginx", "root") # 由于shutil.move不会保持用户归属，所以需要显示修改，否则访问时会报403无访问权限
except Exception as e:
print("Exception:%s" % e)
redirect("50x.html") # 如果是在容器中部署的nginx且映射了不同的端口，需要指定IP，端口
redirect('/') # 如果是在容器中部署的nginx且映射了不同的端口，需要指定IP，端口
run(host='localhost', port=81)4. Get the upload progress
1. Modify the configuration
# 开辟一个空间proxied来存储跟踪上传的信息1MB
upload_progress proxied 1m;
server {
……
location ^~ /progress {
# 报告上传的信息
report_uploads proxied;
}
location /upload {
...
# 上传完成后，仍然保存上传信息5s
track_uploads proxied 5s;
}
}2. Modify the upload page
<form id="upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/upload" method="post" onsubmit="openProgressBar(); return true;">
<input name="file" type="file" label="fileupload" />
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" />
</form>
<div>
<div id="progress" >
<div id="progressbar" > </div>
</div>
<div id="tp">(progress)</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var interval = null;
var uuid = "";
function openProgressBar() {
for (var i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
uuid += Math.floor(Math.random() * 16).toString(16);
}
document.getElementById("upload").action = "/upload?X-Progress-ID=" + uuid;
/* 每隔一秒查询一下上传进度 */
interval = window.setInterval(function () {
fetch(uuid);
}, 1000);
}
function fetch(uuid) {
var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
req.open("GET", "/progress", 1);
req.setRequestHeader("X-Progress-ID", uuid);
req.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (req.readyState == 4) {
if (req.status == 200) {
var upload = eval(req.responseText);
document.getElementById('tp').innerHTML = upload.state;
/* 更新进度条 */
if (upload.state == 'done' || upload.state == 'uploading') {
var bar = document.getElementById('progressbar');
var w = 400 * upload.received / upload.size;
bar.style.width = w + 'px';
}
/* 上传完成，不再查询进度 */
if (upload.state == 'done') {
window.clearTimeout(interval);
}
if (upload.state == 'error') {
window.clearTimeout(interval);
alert('something wrong');
}
}
}
}
req.send(null);
}
</script>
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