Does golang have vm?

Title: Does golang have a vm? Analyzing the virtual machine implementation principle of golang

Abstract: Golang is an emerging programming language with powerful concurrency and memory management capabilities, so it is favored by more and more developers. In the world of golang, does a virtual machine (VM) also exist? This article will start with the underlying implementation principles of golang, analyze whether golang has a virtual machine, and explore its implementation.

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1. What is a virtual machine?

Before introducing whether golang has a virtual machine, let’s first understand what a virtual machine is.

A virtual machine is a computer program that can implement a complete operating system on a specified hardware platform, thereby isolating different applications and ensuring that they do not interfere with each other. Virtual machines are usually implemented by a virtual machine manager (VMM).

In languages ​​such as Java and Python, virtual machines are a very common implementation method and are also very popular for cross-platform applications because virtual machines can automatically adapt to various operating systems and hardware.

2. The underlying implementation principle of golang

In golang, how to process applications? We need to understand the underlying implementation principles of golang.

Golang’s scheduling mechanism is based on goroutine. Goroutine is a lightweight thread. It is different from the operating system’s thread. Goroutine is managed by golang’s own scheduler. When a goroutine needs to be executed, the scheduler will apply for a thread from the system for scheduling, and the goroutine will be scheduled to execute on this thread.

Golang also has its own garbage collection mechanism for automatic memory management. When an object is no longer referenced, the garbage collection mechanism reclaims it and releases the memory. Because golang's garbage collection mechanism adopts the copy-on-write strategy, it can cope with high concurrency scenarios very well.

3. Virtual machine implementation in golang

In golang, is there a virtual machine?

In fact, golang does not have a virtual machine implementation like Java, Python and other languages. Its runtime runs directly on the operating system. Golang's memory management, scheduling and other mechanisms are implemented by directly calling the system's API without going through the virtual machine layer. Therefore, we can say that golang does not have a virtual machine.

However, this does not mean that golang does not have cross-platform capabilities. Although golang does not have a virtual machine, golang's compiler is very smart and can compile according to different target platforms. Therefore, golang can directly generate machine code corresponding to the operating system and hardware, so that it can run on almost all platforms.

In addition, golang also has features similar to virtual machines. For example, in golang, each goroutine is managed by runtime, and the scheduling mechanism is similar to the thread scheduling of a virtual machine. In addition, golang also has its own Runtime Library, which is responsible for managing goroutine, memory, garbage collection, etc. It can be said that golang's Runtime Library is similar to the runtime environment of a virtual machine.

4. Summary

In the world of golang, although there is no virtual machine implementation like Java, Python and other languages, golang's cross-platform capabilities are very powerful. Through the intelligent compilation of the compiler, golang can directly generate machine code corresponding to the operating system and hardware, thereby achieving cross-platform implementation. In addition, golang's scheduling mechanism, garbage collection mechanism, etc. are also similar to virtual machines and have certain virtual machine characteristics.

Therefore, we can think of golang as a programming language without a virtual machine. It uses direct calls to the operating system API to implement memory management, scheduling, garbage collection and other functions. Although there is no virtual machine, its cross-platform capabilities, concurrency mechanism and memory management capabilities are excellent, making it one of the preferred languages ​​​​for more and more developers.

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