golang multiplication and division of large numbers

With the advent of the digital age, big number calculation has become an essential skill in program development. In program requirements, especially in fields such as scientific computing and encryption algorithms, the multiplication and division operations of large numbers are particularly important. Go language (golang) is a rapidly developing programming language. Its powerful concurrency capabilities and fast and efficient running speed also provide more efficient solutions for large number calculations.

This article will introduce you to the main methods of implementing large-digit calculations in the Go language, mainly including the multiplication and division of large-digit integers and floating-point numbers.

1. Large integer multiplication

Large integer multiplication refers to multiplying two large numbers (positive or negative numbers). In Go language, you can use arrays to represent large numbers. Each element of the array represents each bit of the large number, with the first bit being the highest bit. The length of the array is consistent with the number of large numbers.

Go language provides a very convenient library - math/big, which can handle integers with any number of digits and supports common addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder and other operations. Through this library, we can easily implement multiplication of large numbers.

The following is a simple large number multiplication code example:

import "math/big"

func BigMul(x, y string) string {
    // 创建Big对象
    bx := big.NewInt(0)
    by := big.NewInt(0)

    // 将字符串转换成Big整数
    bx.SetString(x, 10)
    by.SetString(y, 10)

    // 两数相乘
    bz := big.NewInt(0)
    bz.Mul(bx, by)

    // 返回结果
    return bz.String()
}

2. Large integer division

Large integer division refers to two large numbers (positive or negative numbers) ) to perform division processing. In the Go language, we can use the "bisection quotient" algorithm to perform carry and borrow operations on the basis of bit-by-bit division to achieve division of large numbers.

The following is a simple large number division code example:

import "math/big"

func BigDiv(x, y string) string {
    // 创建Big对象
    bx := big.NewInt(0)
    by := big.NewInt(0)

    // 将字符串转换成Big整数
    bx.SetString(x, 10)
    by.SetString(y, 10)

    // 判断除数是否为0
    if by.Cmp(big.NewInt(0)) == 0 {
        return "error: divide by zero"
    }

    // 设置商和余数
    bq := big.NewInt(0)
    br := big.NewInt(0)

    // 两个大数相除
    bq.DivMod(bx, by, br)

    // 返回商
    return bq.String()
}

3. Multiplication of large floating point numbers

Multiplication of large floating point numbers refers to the multiplication of two large numbers (positive numbers or negative number) to perform floating-point multiplication. In Go language, we can use the big.Float type to implement the multiplication of large floating point numbers.

The following is a simple large floating point number multiplication code example:

import "math/big"

func BigFloatMul(x, y string) string {
    // 创建BigFloat对象
    bx := big.NewFloat(0)
    by := big.NewFloat(0)

    // 将字符串转换成BigFloat浮点数
    bx.SetString(x)
    by.SetString(y)

    // 两数相乘
    bz := big.NewFloat(0)
    bz.Mul(bx, by)

    // 返回结果
    return bz.String()
}

4. Large floating point number division

Large floating point number division refers to the division of two large numbers (positive number or negative number) performs floating-point division processing. In the Go language, we can use the "high-precision division" algorithm to perform carry and borrow operations on the basis of bit-by-bit division of floating-point numbers to achieve division of large floating-point numbers.

The following is a simple large floating point number division code example:

import "math/big"

func BigFloatDiv(x, y string) string {
    // 创建BigFloat对象
    bx := big.NewFloat(0)
    by := big.NewFloat(0)

    // 将字符串转换成BigFloat浮点数
    bx.SetString(x)
    by.SetString(y)

    // 判断除数是否为0
    if by.Cmp(big.NewFloat(0)) == 0 {
        return "error: divide by zero"
    }

    // 设置商
    bq := big.NewFloat(0)

    // 两个大数相除
    bq.Quo(bx, by)

    // 返回商
    return bq.String()
}

Summary

We can easily process it in Go language through the methods provided in the math/big package Large number computing needs. For complex scientific computing, cryptography, financial computing and other fields, large number calculations are a very common requirement, so the code has high repeatability and maintainability. Through the method introduced in this article, we can more easily implement large-digit calculations and improve program performance and maintenance efficiency.

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