How to set up proxy in golang

When using Golang for development, we sometimes need to access some websites and resources through a proxy, so that we can effectively bypass some restrictions while protecting the developer's privacy. So, how to set up Golang’s proxy? The following is a detailed introduction through the following three aspects.

1. Use environment variables to set the proxy

In Linux and macOS systems, we can enable http and https proxies by setting the following environment variables:

export http_proxy=http://your-proxy:port
export https_proxy=https://your-proxy:port

If the proxy used requires authentication, you can add the username and password to the proxy address:

export http_proxy=http://username:password@your-proxy:port
export https_proxy=https://username:password@your-proxy:port

In Windows systems, you need to use some special methods to set up the proxy. First, you need to use the following command in the command prompt to set up the proxy:

set http_proxy=http://your-proxy:port
set https_proxy=https://your-proxy:port

If the proxy used requires authentication, you can use the following command:

set http_proxy=http://username:password@your-proxy:port
set https_proxy=https://username:password@your-proxy:port

After the above settings, the proxy can be successfully enabled .

2. Use Golang’s net/http library to set the proxy

You can also set the proxy through Golang’s own net/http library. Through this library, we can control the relevant parameters of the HTTP client to achieve proxy settings. The following is the relevant code:

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "net/url"
)

func main() {
    proxyURL, err := url.Parse("http://your-proxy:port")
    if err != nil {
        panic("Failed to parse proxy URL")
    }
    httpClient := &http.Client{Transport: &http.Transport{Proxy: http.ProxyURL(proxyURL)}}
    _, err = httpClient.Get("http://example.com")
    if err != nil {
        panic("Failed to make GET request")
    }
}

In the above code, we created an HTTP client named httpClient, which uses an agent. The parameter of the ProxyURL method is a proxy address of type *url.URL. The proxy for http and https is set by passing in the proxy address. If the proxy address requires authentication, we can also add the username and password to the proxy address.

3. Use third-party libraries to set up proxies

In addition to Golang’s built-in net/http library, there are also some third-party libraries that can be used to set up proxies. Currently popular ones include go-proxy and proxygrabber. These libraries can provide a more flexible proxy setting method by dynamically switching proxies at runtime.

Summary

The above has introduced in detail three methods to set up Golang's proxy. By using environment variables, built-in net/http libraries, and third-party libraries, you can do it more flexibly. Agent settings to meet the needs of different scenarios.

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