java automatically converted to golang

With the development of business and the upgrading of technology, many companies are gradually switching from Java to Golang, because Golang has higher performance and efficiency, and is especially suitable for high concurrency and big data application scenarios. However, in enterprise-level projects, the conversion cost and time are relatively high due to the large amount of code. Therefore, in order to improve development efficiency and code quality, automatically converting Java code to Golang is a very important technology.

The challenge of automatically converting Java code to Golang

Since the main difference between Java and Golang is the programming language, the main difficulty in automatically converting Java code to Golang is how to adapt to different data Type, data structure, function calling method, coding style, etc. to ensure that the quality and readability of the converted code are not reduced.

Before solving these problems, we need to have a certain understanding of Java and Golang. Java is a class-based, object-oriented programming language that supports multi-threading, cross-platform, and stable performance. Golang is a process-oriented programming language that is very suitable for writing high-concurrency, distributed systems, and supports garbage collection at the language level.

Comparison of syntax between Java and Golang

Java’s syntax uses keywords to define variable and function types:

public class HelloWorld {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("Hello, World!");
  }
}

And Golang uses type identifiers to define variable types and functions Type:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
  fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}

From this simple example, we can see that the grammatical styles of Java and Golang are very different. Therefore, during the automatic conversion process, we need to find the corresponding one based on the grammatical structure of the code. Golang syntax structure, and then convert the Java code into the corresponding Golang code.

Automatically convert Java data types to Golang

The data types of Java and Golang are also very different. Java supports two data types including primitive data types and reference types. Golang only supports basic data types.

Java’s basic data types include int, double, char, boolean, etc. The basic data types of Golang include integers, floating point types, Boolean types, string types, etc.

During the automatic conversion process, we need to convert Java data types to corresponding data types in Golang. For example:

public class Convert {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    int i = 10;
    float f = 1.5f;
    double d = 2.5;
    char c = 'a';
    boolean b = true;
    String str = "Hello, World!";
  }
}

The corresponding Golang code should be as follows:

package main

func main() {
  i := 10
  f := 1.5
  d := 2.5
  c := 'a'
  b := true
  str := "Hello, World!"
}

Automatically convert Java function calls to Golang

The function calling methods of Java and Golang are also different. Java supports object-oriented function calling and class-based static function calling. Golang only supports structure-based function calling. During the automatic conversion process, we need to convert Java's function calling method into Golang's function calling method.

For example, the following are examples of Java and Golang implementing sorting functions respectively:

public class Sort {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    int[] nums = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5};
    Arrays.sort(nums);
    System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums));
  }
}

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
  nums := []int{3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5}
  sort.Ints(nums)
  fmt.Println(nums)
}

We can see that Java uses Arrays.sort() to sort arrays, while Golang uses sort.Ints(), this is because the function calling method of Golang is different from Java.

Automatically convert Java control statements to Golang

There are also subtle differences between Java and Golang control statements. Java's for loop and while loop support C-like language-style syntax, including loop control variables, control conditions, and loop bodies. Golang's for loop and while loop need to be implemented using the keyword for or range.

For example, the following are examples of traversing arrays in Java and Golang respectively:

public class Iterate {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    int[] nums = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5};
    for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
      System.out.println(nums[i]);
    }
  }
}

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
  nums := []int{3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5}
  for i := 0; i < len(nums); i++ {
    fmt.Println(nums[i])
  }
}

It should be noted that there is no while loop statement in Golang, and you need to use for loop and break and continue commands. Simulate a while loop.

Automatically convert Java's exception handling to Golang

There are also big differences in the exception handling methods of Java and Golang. Java uses the try-catch-finally statement to handle and catch exceptions, while Golang uses the defer-recovery statement. In the process of converting Java code to Golang code, we need to pay attention to the conversion of exception handling.

The following is a simple Java exception handling example:

public class Exception {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    try {
      int x = 1 / 0;
      System.out.println(x);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println("divide by zero");
    } finally {
      System.out.println("done");
    }
  }
}

The corresponding Golang code should be as follows:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
  defer func() {
    if err := recover(); err != nil {
      fmt.Println("divide by zero")
    }
    fmt.Println("done")
  }()
  x := 1 / 0
  fmt.Println(x)
}

It can be seen that the defer-recovery statement is Golang exception handling Basic building blocks. In this example, we use the defer function to define a function that needs to be called when the function exits. If an exception occurs in the function, we will capture the exception through the recover() function, and then handle the exception inside the recover() function.

Summary

Automatically converting Java code to Golang is a very complex task because it requires converting the syntax, data types, function calling methods and control statements of the two programming languages. , to ensure that code quality and readability are not reduced. In practical applications, automatic conversion tools can improve development efficiency, quickly migrate old code, and provide debuggable solutions when problems are encountered.

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