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nginx proxy_pass reverse proxy configuration example analysis

王林
王林forward
2023-05-13 23:19:111261browse

The following is a small example:

centos7 system library does not have nginx rpm package by default, so we need to update the rpm dependency library first

1) Use yum to install nginx and you need to include the nginx library. Install the nginx library 

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/rpms/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

2) Use the following command to install nginx

[root@localhost ~]# yum install nginx

3) nginx configuration

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
}
 
[root@localhost conf.d]# cat /var/www/html/index.html
this is page of test!!!!

4) Start nginx

[root@localhost ~]# service nginx start //或者使用 systemctl start nginx.service

5) Test access (103.110.186.23 is the external network ip of the 192.168.1.23 machine)

[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23
this is page of test!!!!

Look at the following situations: use http://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html for access testing

In order to facilitate testing, first test on another computer Deploy an nginx with port 8090 on machine 192.168.1.5. The configuration is as follows: 

[root@bastion-idc ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/haha.conf
server {
listen 8090;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
}
[root@bastion-idc ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html
this is 192.168.1.5
[root@bastion-idc ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

Test access (103.110.186.5 is the external network IP of 192.168.1.5): 

[root@bastion-idc ~]# curl http://192.168.1.5:8090
this is 192.168.1.5

nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析

192.168.1.23 serves as the nginx reverse proxy machine, and the nginx configuration is as follows:

1) The first case: 

[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
 
location /proxy/ {
 proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090/;
}
}

In this way, access to http://192.168.1.23/proxy/ will be proxy to http://192.168.1.5:8090/. The proxy directory matching p does not need to exist in the root directory /var/www/html

Note that if you access http://192.168.1.23/proxy in the terminal (that is, without "/" after it) , the access will fail! Because "/" is added after the url configured by proxy_pass "/"), and reverse to the result of http://103.110.186.5:8090

nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析2) In the second case, do not add after the url of proxy_pass configuration "/"

[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/
this is 192.168.1.5
[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy
<html>
<head><title>301 moved permanently</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>301 moved permanently</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.10.3</center>
</body>
</html>

Then accessing http://192.168.1.23/proxy or http://192.168.1.23/proxy/ will fail!


After this configuration, access to http://192.168.1.23/proxy/ will be reverse proxy to http://192.168.1.5:8090/proxy/

nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析
3) The third case 

[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
 
location /proxy/ {
 proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# service nginx restart
redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service

If configured like this, access http://103.110.186.23/proxy and proxy to http://192.168.1.5:8090/ haha/

nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析4) The fourth situation: Compared with the third configuration, the url does not add "/"

[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
 
location /proxy/ {
 proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# service nginx restart
redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service
[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/
192.168.1.5 haha-index.html

After the above configuration, access http ://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html will be proxy to http://192.168.1.5:8090/hahaindex.html

Similarly, visit http://192.168.1.23/proxy/test.html It will be proxied to http://192.168.1.5:8090/hahatest.html


[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
 
location /proxy/ {
 proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# service nginx restart
redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service
[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html
192.168.1.5 hahaindex.html

Note that in this case, you cannot directly access http://192.168.1.23/proxy/, which will be followed later Even the default index.html file must keep up, otherwise the access will fail!

nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析
-------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---

The above four methods all add "/" after the matching path. Let's talk about the situation without "/" after the path:


1) The first case, proxy_pass The url is followed by "/": 

[root@localhost conf.d]# curl http://192.168.1.23/proxy/index.html
192.168.1.5 hahaindex.html

nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析

##2) In the second case, the url after proxy_pass is not followed by "/" nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析

[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
 
location /proxy {
 proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090/;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# service nginx restart
redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service

If configured in this way, accessing http://103.110.186.23/proxy will automatically add "/" (that is, it becomes http://103.110.186.23/proxy/), and the proxy will be 192.168.1.5: 8090/proxy/

3) The third case nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析

[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
 
location /proxy {
 proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# service nginx restart
redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service
[root@localhost conf.d]#

If configured in this way, accessing http://103.110.186.23/proxy will automatically add "/" (that is, it becomes http://103.110.186.23/proxy/), proxy to http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/

4) The fourth situation: Compared with the third configuration, the url does not add "/"nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析

[root@localhost conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /var/www/html;
index index.html;
}
 
location /proxy {
 proxy_pass http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/;
}
}
[root@localhost conf.d]# service nginx restart
redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart nginx.service

. If configured in this way, access http://103.110.186.23/proxy, and The third result is the same, it is also proxied to http://192.168.1.5:8090/haha/nginx proxy_pass反向代理配置实例分析

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