What is the method for smooth upgrade of Nginx production environment?

1. Background

Recently I encountered a rather embarrassing and practical problem, that is, the Nginx used in our production environment is an old antique of Centos6. Business requirements need to be implemented by loading a module of Nginx, but the version is too old and needs Nginx1.18 or later to support it, and ours is Nginx1.12. Then upgrading Nginx is what we have to do. But in the production environment, you have to consider many things. Unlike the test server, Nginx stops the service, recompiles the new version, and then starts it again. Our online services need to be provided uninterrupted, otherwise it will cause economic losses to the business. So is there any plan to smoothly upgrade the Nginx version?

2. Upgrade plan

In fact, the official has already announced We have done a lot of work on the smooth upgrade of Nginx. The basic principle is to start a new Nginx (master worker) process, and then send the -USER2 command to the old master process, so that the new and old versions of the process can receive processing requests at the same time. After that, we send -WINCH to the old process to stop the working service (close all old worker processes, but the old master process is not closed to prevent you from encountering problems later). If you confirm that there is no problem with the new Nginx, then manually Kill the old master process to complete the smooth upgrade.

3. Operation process

1. View-Old version [nginx 1.12.2] process information

[root@k8s-master nginx-1.12.2]# ps aux | grep 'nginx' | grep -v '7月' | grep -v 'grep'

root     15180  0.0  0.0  46136   920 ?        Ss   17:22   0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx

nobody   15181  0.0  0.1  46584  4344 ?        S    17:22   0:00 nginx: worker process

Main process pid: 15180 Worker process 15181

2. nginx -V View the compilation parameters of the old version of nginx

[root@k8s-master nginx-1.12.2]# nginx-1.12.2/sbin/nginx.old.1.12 -V

nginx version: nginx/1.12.2

built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)

built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017

TLS SNI support enabled

configure arguments: --prefix=nginx-1.12.2 --with-pcre=/root/nginx-test/pcre-8.45/ --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-stream

[root@k8s-master nginx-1.12.2]#

If make or ./configure reports an error , you can try to install: yum install -y gcc-c

3. Back up the old version binary nginx program, mv nginx nginx.old

mv nginx nginx.old

4. At this time we download [nginx1.20.2] Recompile the new version and follow the compilation parameters of the old version (or add a new compilation module yourself)

5. Copy the newly generated binary nginx and move it to the nginx path of the previous old version to overwrite it.

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ --with-stream  xxxx[模块列表]

make

&make install

6. Send nginx -USR2 15180 (old nginx main process) for replacement. At this time, there are 4 processes. 2 old nginx processes 2 new nginx processes

This When the request is tested, it is load balanced to these two masters.

The request is made 2 times, the first time it is loaded to the new master, and the second time it is loaded to the old master .

7. Confirm that the upgrade is successful, -WINCH signal stops the old version master from receiving new requests (at this time, the old version nginx master process is not dead, but just stops receiving new requests)

kill -winch 15180

The old version of nginx only has the master process left, and the child process no longer exists.

At this time, if the URL is accessed multiple times, load balancing will not occur.

Hello world does not appear again

8. To roll back the version is also very simple, just send kill -HUP 15180 (old nginx master process)

At this time, both the old version and the new version of nginx are load balancing. Just kill the new version of nginx master.

At this time, the new version of nginx has been killed Just -QUIT.

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