How to run website with nodejs

With the rapid development and widespread application of Web technology, website development has become one of the most important tasks in the field of computer applications. In the past, traditional Web technologies were based on a combination of LAMP (Linux Apache MySQL PHP) or WAMP (Windows Apache MySQL PHP), which required developers to deploy multiple programming languages, databases, and server environments, increasing the complexity of the system. . As Node.js gradually matures and is widely used, it has become a very popular web development tool.

Node.js is a JavaScript runtime based on the Chrome V8 engine, which can run JavaScript code on the server side. This is because Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O approach to process data at runtime. This approach makes Node.js a very efficient language that can handle I/O-intensive tasks very well. s application. At the same time, Node.js also provides some very useful APIs (Application Programming Interface) and tools, allowing developers to quickly build web applications.

In this article, we will introduce the process and method of running a website with Node.js.

1. Install Node.js

First, we need to install Node.js. The installation of Node.js is very simple. You only need to download the installation package corresponding to the operating system version from the official website (https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/), and then follow the prompts to install it. After the installation is complete, we need to verify whether Node.js is installed successfully. Enter the following command in the command line:

node -v

If the version number of Node.js is output, it means that Node.js is installed successfully.

2. Creating a Web Server

Creating a Web server is very simple. We can use the http module provided by Node.js to achieve this. First, we need to create a server.js file in the project directory, and then introduce the http module into it:

const http = require('http');

Next, we can create a server object and listen to port 3000:

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
    res.end('Hello World!');
});

server.listen(3000, () => {
    console.log('Server started on port 3000!');
});

In Enter http://localhost:3000 in the browser, and Hello World! will be displayed. This is our first Web server.

3. Handling HTTP requests

In the above example, we simply returned Hello World!, which does not meet the needs of a real Web application. In a real production environment, we need to receive HTTP requests from the client and process the requests on the server side. In Node.js, we can use the url and querystring modules to parse request parameters and routes.

const url = require('url');
const querystring = require('querystring');

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
    const { pathname, query } = url.parse(req.url);
    const params = querystring.parse(query);

    if (pathname === '/hello') {
        res.end(`Hello, ${params.name}!`);
    } else {
        res.statusCode = 404;
        res.end('Page not found!');
    }
});

server.listen(3000, () => {
    console.log('Server started on port 3000!');
});

Enter http://localhost:3000/hello?name=Node in the browser, Hello, Node! will be displayed. At this point, we successfully implemented simple routing and parameter processing.

4. Static File Serving

We can easily use Node.js to handle dynamic content, but most of the resources of a web application are static files. In Node.js, we can use the express module to implement static file serving. You need to execute the following instructions in the project directory to install express:

npm install express

After installation, introduce the express module and path module in server.js:

const express = require('express');
const path = require('path');

Configure static file service:

const app = express();

app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));

app.listen(3000, () => {
    console.log('Server started on port 3000!');
});

Place the index.html file in the public directory and access http://localhost:3000/index.html to successfully access the static file.

5. Database connection

MySQL database can be used in Node.js using the mysql module. We can execute the following instructions in the project directory to install mysql:

npm install mysql

Introduce the mysql module in the server.js file and configure the database connection.

const mysql = require('mysql');

const connection = mysql.createConnection({
    host: 'localhost',
    user: 'root',
    password: 'password',
    database: 'test'
});

connection.connect(error => {
    if (error) throw error;
    console.log('Connection successful!');
});

You can modify the values ​​of host, user, password and database as needed. After a successful connection, you can use the connection.query() function to execute a SQL query.

Above, we introduced how to use Node.js to run a website. Compared with traditional LAMP or WAMP environments, Node.js is simpler and more efficient to use, and it also has broader application scenarios. Mastering how to run a website with Node.js is one of the essential skills for web developers.

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