How to develop artificial intelligence speech processing and natural language processing applications in PHP?

With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, speech processing and natural language processing applications have become an important development direction in the Internet field. As a popular programming language, PHP is also different from other languages ​​in that it has its own unique way of applying artificial intelligence technology. This article will introduce how to develop artificial intelligence speech processing and natural language processing applications in PHP.

1. Speech processing

To perform speech processing in PHP, you need to use the extension library PHP-FFI. FFI is the abbreviation of Foreign Function Interface, which is used to define C code in different programming languages. Through PHP-FFI, we can call methods of external C/C libraries in PHP and return values.

Install the PHP-FFI extension and related dependencies

You can use the following command on the Linux platform:

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
sudo pecl install ffi

Use Composer to introduce the package of the FFI library

composer require polysign/php-ffi

We have a .php file that simulates an external C/C library, because PHP-FFI completes the call through this file.

We first need to create an FFI instance:

$ffi = FFI::load("module.h");

Among them, module.h is the path to the external C/C library .h file. The function in this example is called "get_integer()" and returns a value of type int.

When calling external functions, we can use the following method:

$result = $ffi->get_integer();

This is how PHP-FFI calls external C/C libraries. We can use this method to call various speech processing libraries.

2. Natural Language Processing

There are two main libraries that implement natural language processing, namely PHP-ML and StanfordNLP.

1.PHP-ML

PHP-ML is a simple and easy-to-use machine learning library that can easily implement natural language processing and classification. The installation method of this library is as follows:

Use Composer to introduce PHP-ML packages

composer require php-ml/php-ml

Use in the program:

use PhpmlClassificationSVC;
use PhpmlSupportVectorMachineKernel;

// 创造一个SVC实例
$classifier = new SVC(Kernel::LINEAR, $cost = 1000);

// 训练数据
$classifier->train($samples, $labels);

// 预测
$classifier->predict($unknown);

2.StanfordNLP

StanfordNLP is a Java library that can perform advanced Natural language processing operations, such as named entity recognition, entity relationship extraction, sentence segmentation, part-of-speech tagging, etc.

This library requires the support of Java runtime environment.

We need to install Java first (skip this step if it is already installed). You can use the following command on the Linux platform:

sudo apt-get install default-jdk

Then install StanfordNLP in the Java environment, which contains multiple Model, we can select as needed:

1. Download the StanfordNLP code:

wget https://nlp.stanford.edu/software/stanford-parser-full-2018-10-17.zip

2. Unzip

unzip stanford-parser-full-2018-10-17.zip

3. Install dependencies

first Enter the decompressed directory in the terminal, and then run the following command:

export STANFORD_MODELS=$(pwd)/stanford-parser-full-2018-10-17
export CLASSPATH=$STANFORD_MODELS/stanford-parser.jar

4. Using StanfordNLP

Using Java programs in PHP is called through Java's "exec()" command. In this way, the user executing the PHP file needs to have execute permissions when running Java.

When using the Java parser in PHP, we need to execute the Java program and output the results to STDOUT (standard output stream), and then read STDOUT from the PHP script to get the results.

<?php

$output = shell_exec('java -mx4g -cp "*" edu.stanford.nlp.pipeline.StanfordCoreNLPServer -port 9000 -timeout 15000 2>&1 &');
sleep(5); // 这里必须等待一段时间来启动

$text = 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.';

$url = "http://127.0.0.1:9000/?properties=";
$url .= urlencode('{"annotators": "tokenize,ssplit,pos","outputFormat": "json"}');

$data = urlencode($text);

$result = file_get_contents($url . "&text=" . $data);

var_dump(json_decode($result, true)); 

When this script is executed, it will output the analysis results returned by StanfordNLP in JSON format.

Key Notes

1. Since StanfordNLP requires a lot of memory and computing resources, please use caution when processing large or large amounts of text.
2. Installing, configuring and using StanfordNLP requires a certain technical level. If you are new, learn Java programming first.

3. Summary

In this article, we introduced how to perform speech processing and natural language processing in PHP. We also learned about two artificial intelligence libraries: PHP-ML and StanfordNLP, which can easily complete the corresponding tasks.

When developing artificial intelligence applications, considering performance issues, we must use the underlying programming language. But with the support of PHP-FFI, we can easily interact with PHP and C/C. At the same time, PHP has the advantages of being easy to learn and easy to maintain, which makes it an ideal choice for Non-Enterprise technology stacks.

Therefore, PHP may be an excellent and efficient choice for those PHP developers who want to apply artificial intelligence technology to their own websites or applications.

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