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How to view source code in golang

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May 13, 2023 am 11:53 AM

With the gradual popularity of Golang, more and more developers are beginning to use this language for development. At the same time, I am increasingly interested in understanding the underlying implementation and principles of Golang. Therefore, in this article, we will explore how to view Golang source code to help readers better understand and learn this language.

Golang source code address

On the Golang official website, you can find the source code address of all versions of Golang. The following is the Golang official website source code address:

https://go.googlesource.com/go

At this address, you can find the source code library of each version, such as the latest version The Golang source code library is go1.17, and its address is:

https://go.googlesource.com/go/ /refs/tags/go1.17

Under this address, You can find all Golang source code and related files. When viewing the source code, you can switch to the corresponding tag according to different versions.

Understand the basic concepts of Golang in advance

Before viewing the Golang source code, we need to understand some basic concepts of Golang. These concepts are very important for understanding Golang's source code.

Virtual Machine

Golang is a programming language called a "statically compiled language", which means that your program will be compiled into assembly language, and run on a virtual machine. In Golang, the virtual machine refers to the "Go virtual machine", which is the execution environment of the Golang program, similar to the JVM in Java. In Golang, the virtual machine mainly handles memory management and concurrency.

Garbage Collection

Golang's garbage collection mechanism is automated, and it is responsible for automatically handling memory recycling during program running. The garbage collection mechanism determines which memory needs to be reclaimed by checking the memory that is no longer used, and then reclaims it.

Concurrent programming

One of the features of Golang is concurrent programming, which uses goroutine to support concurrency. Goroutine is a lightweight thread that can run multiple tasks simultaneously in an application. Golang implements communication between goroutines by using channels.

View Golang source code

Generally speaking, we can learn Golang's syntax and features in depth by reading Golang's documentation. However, if we want to get deeper into the implementation details of Golang, then we need to dive into the source code of Golang.

Directory structure of Golang source code

Before viewing the Golang source code, we need to understand its directory structure. The source code directory structure of Golang is as follows:

src: Contains the Golang standard library and Golang command source code
pkg: Contains the compiled library files
bin: Contains the compiled Golang command executable file

In the src directory, we can find all Golang code, including the standard library and command source code, as well as version-related directories. For example, the source code of the runtime package can be found in the runtime directory of the src directory.

View Golang source code

In the src directory, we can view the currently used Golang version and its GOROOT directory through the command $ go env. GOROOT refers to the root directory of Golang, which contains all source code of Golang.

We can specify the Golang version and source code path used by modifying the environment variable $GOROOT. For example, GOROOT can be specified using the following command:

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go

After specifying GOROOT, we can use any text editor to open the Golang source code and view it any file. For example, we can use vim to open files in the runtime package:

vim $GOROOT/src/runtime/runtime.go

When viewing the source code, we need to pay attention to the following points:

Comments: There are many comments in the Golang source code, which can help us understand the code better.
Function: Golang’s source code is mostly function-based, which means it is easy to read and understand.
Code organization: The organization of Golang source code is very clean, and the code is highly modular and readable.

Summary

Viewing the Golang source code is a necessary means to understand the underlying implementation and principles of the Golang language. The source code of all versions can be found on Golang's official website, and before viewing the source code, we need to understand the basic concepts of Golang, such as virtual machines, garbage collection, and concurrent programming. By reading the Golang source code, we can better understand the Golang language features and better apply Golang for development.

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