How to use Docker with PHP?

With the popularity of cloud computing, Docker has become the standard for more and more applications. PHP developers are no exception. They will continue to try to use Docker to deploy programs during application development. In this article, the author will combine his practical experience to introduce readers to how to use Docker in PHP.

1. Introduction to Docker

Docker is a virtualization technology that improves the portability, reliability, and collaboration of applications by isolating the environment in which applications run. The Docker runtime requires a software called the Docker engine, which manages the configuration of containers, networking, storage, and security.

The most basic unit in Docker is called a container, and a container is a running instance created through an image. The same image can create multiple containers. Each container is independent of each other and has its own file system, network port, system, etc. Containers are lightweight and can run on multiple systems without requiring additional operating system support.

2. Benefits of using Docker in PHP

1. Rapid deployment: Docker enables applications to be quickly deployed in any environment.
2. Easy development environment: Docker can help PHP developers easily set up a development environment locally and avoid code inconsistencies caused by environmental problems.
3. Avoid dependency issues: Docker guarantees that an application's dependencies are consistent in any environment, thus avoiding rejections caused by dependency issues at deployment time.

3. Steps to use Docker in PHP

1. Install Docker

The installation of Docker is very simple. Just download the installation file from the Docker official website and follow the prompts Just do it.

2. Pull the PHP image

Docker Hub is the official image warehouse of Docker. We can pull the compiled PHP image from Docker Hub. Commonly used PHP images include php:5.6-apache, php:7.0-apache, php:7.1-apache, etc. We can choose the corresponding image according to our needs. Enter the following command on the command line to pull the PHP image:

docker pull php:7.4-apache

After the command is executed, we can find the PHP image we just pulled in the local mirror library.

3. Write Dockerfile

Dockerfile is a text file that is used to specify the construction steps and configuration of the Docker image. The following is a simple example:

FROM php:7.4-apache

COPY ./src /var/www/html

The above Dockerfile is used to build a PHP container with an Apache server and copy the src directory in the current directory to the /var/www/html directory in the container.

4. Build the image

After writing the Dockerfile, we need to use the Docker command to build the image. Enter the following command on the command line to build the PHP image:

docker build -t my-php-app .

Among them, my-php-app is the name of the built image, and the following "." indicates the directory where the Dockerfile is located.

5. Run the container

After building the image, we can use the Docker command to run the container. Enter the following command on the command line to run the container:

docker run -d -p 80:80 my-php-app

Among them, -d indicates that the container is running in the background, -p 80:80 indicates that port 80 in the container is mapped to port 80 locally, my-php- app represents the container to be run.

6. View the container log

After running the container, enter the following command on the terminal to view the container's log:

docker logs [container_id]

The container_id is the ID of the container, which can be used docker ps command to view the container ID.

4. Summary

Through the above steps, we can use Docker in PHP to improve the portability, reliability and collaboration of the program. Of course, you need to follow certain norms and precautions when using Docker, such as avoiding using the root user, maintaining the repeatability of containers, and paying attention to container management. In practice, we can also combine some tools to simplify the use of Docker, such as using Docker Compose to manage containers in batches, using Docker Swarm to manage multiple Docker hosts, etc.

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