How to implement copyable tables with Vue3

The most basic table encapsulation

What the most basic table encapsulation does is to allow users to only focus on the row and column data, without paying attention to the DOM structure. , we can refer to AntDesign, columns dataSource These two attributes are essential, the code is as follows:

import { defineComponent } from 'vue'
import type { PropType } from 'vue'

interface Column {
  title: string;
  dataIndex: string;
  slotName?: string;
}
type TableRecord = Record<string, unknown>;

export const Table = defineComponent({
  props: {
    columns: {
      type: Array as PropType<Column[]>,
      required: true,
    },
    dataSource: {
      type: Array as PropType<TableRecord[]>,
      default: () => [],
    },
    rowKey: {
      type: Function as PropType<(record: TableRecord) => string>,
    }
  },
  setup(props, { slots }) {
    const getRowKey = (record: TableRecord, index: number) => {
      if (props.rowKey) {
        return props.rowKey(record)
      }
      return record.id ? String(record.id) : String(index)
    }
    const getTdContent = (
      text: any,
      record: TableRecord,
      index: number,
      slotName?: string
    ) => {
      if (slotName) {
        return slots[slotName]?.(text, record, index)
      }
      return text
    }

    return () => {
      return (
        <table>
          <tr>
            {props.columns.map(column => {
              const { title, dataIndex } = column
              return <th key={dataIndex}>{title}</th>
            })}
          </tr>
          {props.dataSource.map((record, index) => {
            return (
              <tr key={getRowKey(record, index)}>
                {props.columns.map((column, i) => {
                  const { dataIndex, slotName } = column
                  const text = record[dataIndex]

                  return (
                    <td key={dataIndex}>
                      {getTdContent(text, record, i, slotName)}
                    </td>
                  )
                })}
              </tr>
            )
          })}
        </table>
      )
    }
  }
})

Need to pay attention to There is a slotName attribute in Column, which is to be able to customize the content that needs to be rendered in the column (in AntDesign it is through TableColumn component is implemented, here for convenience, slotName is used directly).

Implementing the copy function

First of all, we can manually select the table to copy and try it out. We found that the table supports selection and copying, so the implementation idea is very simple. Select the table through the code and then execute the copy command. That’s it, the code is as follows:

export const Table = defineComponent({
  props: {
      // ...
  },
  setup(props, { slots, expose }) {
    // 新增，存储table节点
    const tableRef = ref<HTMLTableElement | null>(null)

    // ...
    
    // 复制的核心方法
    const copy = () => {
      if (!tableRef.value) return

      const range = document.createRange()
      range.selectNode(tableRef.value)
      const selection = window.getSelection()
      if (!selection) return

      if (selection.rangeCount > 0) {
        selection.removeAllRanges()
      }
      selection.addRange(range)
      document.execCommand(&#39;copy&#39;)
    }
    
    // 将复制方法暴露出去以供父组件可以直接调用
    expose({ copy })

    return (() => {
      return (
        // ...
      )
    }) as unknown as { copy: typeof copy } // 这里是为了让ts能够通过类型校验，否则调用`copy`方法ts会报错
  }
})

In this way, the copy function is completed. There is no need to pay attention to how to copy externally. You only need to call the copy method exposed by the component.

Processing non-copyable elements in the table

Although the copy function is very simple, it is only copying text. If there are some non-copyable elements (such as pictures) in the table, it is necessary to copy How to replace these with corresponding text symbols?

The solution is to define a copy state inside the component, set the state to copying when calling the copy method, and render different content according to this state (images are rendered in the non-copying state, and corresponding text is rendered in the copying state) symbol), the code is as follows:

export const Table = defineComponent({
  props: {
      // ...
  },
  setup(props, { slots, expose }) {
    const tableRef = ref<HTMLTableElement | null>(null)
    // 新增，定义复制状态
    const copying = ref(false)

    // ...
    const getTdContent = (
      text: any,
      record: TableRecord,
      index: number,
      slotName?: string,
      slotNameOnCopy?: string
    ) => {
      // 如果处于复制状态，则渲染复制状态下的内容
      if (copying.value && slotNameOnCopy) {
        return slots[slotNameOnCopy]?.(text, record, index)
      }

      if (slotName) {
        return slots[slotName]?.(text, record, index)
      }
      return text
    }
    
    const copy = () => {
      copying.value = true
      // 将复制行为放到 nextTick 保证复制到正确的内容
      nextTick(() => {
        if (!tableRef.value) return
  
        const range = document.createRange()
        range.selectNode(tableRef.value)
        const selection = window.getSelection()
        if (!selection) return
  
        if (selection.rangeCount > 0) {
          selection.removeAllRanges()
        }
        selection.addRange(range)
        document.execCommand(&#39;copy&#39;)
        
        // 别忘了把状态重置回来
        copying.value = false
      })
    }
    
    expose({ copy })

    return (() => {
      return (
        // ...
      )
    }) as unknown as { copy: typeof copy }
  }
})

Test

Finally we can write a demo to test whether the function is normal, the code is as follows:

<template>
  <button @click="handleCopy">点击按钮复制表格</button>
  <c-table
    :columns="columns"
    :data-source="dataSource"
    border="1"
    
    ref="table"
  >
    <template #status>
      <img  class="status-icon lazy"  src="/static/imghwm/default1.png"  data-src="arrowUpIcon"   : / alt="How to implement copyable tables with Vue3" >
    </template>
    <template #statusOnCopy>
      →
    </template>
  </c-table>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from &#39;vue&#39;
import { Table as CTable } from &#39;../components&#39;
import arrowUpIcon from &#39;../assets/arrow-up.svg&#39;

const columns = [
  { title: &#39;序号&#39;, dataIndex: &#39;serial&#39; },
  { title: &#39;班级&#39;, dataIndex: &#39;class&#39; },
  { title: &#39;姓名&#39;, dataIndex: &#39;name&#39; },
  { title: &#39;状态&#39;, dataIndex: &#39;status&#39;, slotName: &#39;status&#39;, slotNameOnCopy: &#39;statusOnCopy&#39; }
]

const dataSource = [
  { serial: 1, class: &#39;三年级1班&#39;, name: &#39;张三&#39; },
  { serial: 2, class: &#39;三年级2班&#39;, name: &#39;李四&#39; },
  { serial: 3, class: &#39;三年级3班&#39;, name: &#39;王五&#39; },
  { serial: 4, class: &#39;三年级4班&#39;, name: &#39;赵六&#39; },
  { serial: 5, class: &#39;三年级5班&#39;, name: &#39;宋江&#39; },
  { serial: 6, class: &#39;三年级6班&#39;, name: &#39;卢俊义&#39; },
  { serial: 7, class: &#39;三年级7班&#39;, name: &#39;吴用&#39; },
  { serial: 8, class: &#39;三年级8班&#39;, name: &#39;公孙胜&#39; },
]

const table = ref<InstanceType<typeof CTable> | null>(null)
const handleCopy = () => {
  table.value?.copy()
}
</script>

<style scoped>
.status-icon {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
}
</style>

Attached is the complete code:

import { defineComponent, ref, nextTick } from 'vue'
import type { PropType } from 'vue'

interface Column {
  title: string;
  dataIndex: string;
  slotName?: string;
  slotNameOnCopy?: string;
}
type TableRecord = Record<string, unknown>;

export const Table = defineComponent({
  props: {
    columns: {
      type: Array as PropType<Column[]>,
      required: true,
    },
    dataSource: {
      type: Array as PropType<TableRecord[]>,
      default: () => [],
    },
    rowKey: {
      type: Function as PropType<(record: TableRecord) => string>,
    }
  },
  setup(props, { slots, expose }) {
    const tableRef = ref<HTMLTableElement | null>(null)
    const copying = ref(false)

    const getRowKey = (record: TableRecord, index: number) => {
      if (props.rowKey) {
        return props.rowKey(record)
      }
      return record.id ? String(record.id) : String(index)
    }
    const getTdContent = (
      text: any,
      record: TableRecord,
      index: number,
      slotName?: string,
      slotNameOnCopy?: string
    ) => {
      if (copying.value && slotNameOnCopy) {
        return slots[slotNameOnCopy]?.(text, record, index)
      }

      if (slotName) {
        return slots[slotName]?.(text, record, index)
      }
      return text
    }
    const copy = () => {
      copying.value = true

      nextTick(() => {
        if (!tableRef.value) return
  
        const range = document.createRange()
        range.selectNode(tableRef.value)
        const selection = window.getSelection()
        if (!selection) return
  
        if (selection.rangeCount > 0) {
          selection.removeAllRanges()
        }
        selection.addRange(range)
        document.execCommand(&#39;copy&#39;)
        copying.value = false
      })
    }
    
    expose({ copy })

    return (() => {
      return (
        <table ref={tableRef}>
          <tr>
            {props.columns.map(column => {
              const { title, dataIndex } = column
              return <th key={dataIndex}>{title}</th>
            })}
          </tr>
          {props.dataSource.map((record, index) => {
            return (
              <tr key={getRowKey(record, index)}>
                {props.columns.map((column, i) => {
                  const { dataIndex, slotName, slotNameOnCopy } = column
                  const text = record[dataIndex]

                  return (
                    <td key={dataIndex}>
                      {getTdContent(text, record, i, slotName, slotNameOnCopy)}
                    </td>
                  )
                })}
              </tr>
            )
          })}
        </table>
      )
    }) as unknown as { copy: typeof copy }
  }
})

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