How to use ORM framework in PHP

With the popularity of web applications, many developers are looking for faster and easier ways to write database code. One solution is to use an Object Relational Mapping (ORM) framework. The ORM framework makes it easier to write database code in PHP. Its purpose is to map objects to data stored in a relational database.

The advantages of the ORM framework include: making the code easier to manage, easier to modify and maintain, and improving the modularity of functions. Additionally, ORM frameworks enable developers to focus on business logic without writing data storage-related code.

In this article, we will introduce how to use the ORM framework in PHP. We will discuss what an ORM framework is, why you should use an ORM framework, how to use an ORM framework in PHP, and some common ORM frameworks.

What is an ORM framework?

ORM framework is a tool that maps the relationship between objects and databases. The ORM framework can map an object to a record in the database. The purpose of the ORM framework is to allow developers to focus on business logic without writing data storage related code.

Features of the ORM framework:

1. Encapsulates the underlying SQL statement

2. Simplifies the data persistence code

3. Reduces Duplicate data access appears in the code

4. Provides better data object abstraction

5. Allows developers to not need to care about the underlying data access mechanism and data table structure changes, only You need to simply call the interface provided by the framework to complete data operations.

Why use ORM framework?

There are many benefits of using the ORM framework, such as:

1. Reducing the workload of developers: The ORM framework encapsulates database operations, so that developers do not need to write underlying SQL query statements, only Required operation object.

2. Improved code maintainability: The ORM framework separates database operations and business logic, making the code easier to maintain and organize.

3. Data security: ORM framework can help developers deal with various SQL injection and other attack methods.

4. Improved code reusability: The code generated by the ORM framework uses the object-oriented development paradigm, and developers can use the business logic of the integrated object model.

5. Cross-database platform support: The ORM framework can support various databases, making the code more portable.

How to use ORM framework in PHP?

There are many popular ORM frameworks available for use in PHP. Some of them include Laravel, Doctrine, Phalcon, etc.

Here we take Laravel as an example to introduce how to use the ORM framework in PHP.

Laravel uses Active Record mode to implement ORM. Active Record pattern is a design pattern for storing data in objects in relational databases.

Using the Laravel framework, you can easily map PHP objects to database tables and perform common CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) by defining model classes. Here is an example of creating a model:

<?php

namespace App;

use IlluminateDatabaseEloquentModel;

class User extends Model
{
    /**
     * The table associated with the model.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $table = 'users';

    /**
     * Indicates if the model should be timestamped.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    public $timestamps = false;
}

In this example, we define a model class called User and tell Laravel to associate with a table called "users". Next, we can listen to events or add methods to this model class to handle operations such as create, update, or delete.

Common ORM frameworks

In addition to Laravel, there are many other popular ORM frameworks available, including Doctrine, Phalcon, Yii, CakePHP, etc.

Doctrine: A mature ORM framework, implemented using pure PHP code.

Phalcon: A framework based on C extensions with excellent performance.

Yii: A fast web application framework that uses powerful ORM capabilities.

CakePHP: A fast web application framework that is simple, practical and easy to learn.

Summary

ORM framework can help developers write database operations more easily. When using an ORM framework, you can focus on business logic without writing underlying SQL statements. In PHP, Laravel, Doctrine, Phalcon, Yii and CakePHP are all popular ORM frameworks available for use.

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