How vue penetrates the style of ui components

With the widespread application of the Vue framework, developers are paying more and more attention to the implementation and processing of various details of the Vue framework, one of which is how to penetrate the style of UI components. This article will introduce how Vue penetrates the style of UI components.

1. Why do we need to penetrate the styles of UI components?

In the Vue framework, we often use UI components to complete some common interactions and visual elements. However, since the UI component is an independent encapsulated module, its style sheet is also closed, making it difficult for us to flexibly modify its style. Common situations are as follows:

(1) UI component default style and page style Mismatch, the style needs to be modified to meet the page requirements;

(2) The UI component style is too simple, and it needs to be customized to achieve more complex visual effects;

(3) UI component State changes require dynamic modification of styles, such as hover, focus, disabled, etc.

In order to solve these problems, we need to penetrate the styles of UI components in order to achieve style customization and dynamic changes.

2. Use Vue’s scope slot to implement styles that penetrate UI components

Vue’s scope slot (slot) inserts content into a specified location inside the component a method. Through scope slots, we can directly access the DOM elements inside the component, thereby achieving styles that penetrate UI components.

Taking Element-UI as an example, we will demonstrate how to modify the style through the scope slot.

First, we introduce the Element-UI component library and create a basic Button component:

<template>
  <el-button type="primary">按钮</el-button>
</template>

Next, we pass the button’s text node to the parent component through the scope slot, And customize the style in the parent component:

<!-- Button.vue -->
<template>
  <el-button type="primary">
    <slot name="text">按钮</slot>
  </el-button>
</template>

<!-- Parent.vue -->
<template>
  <button is="el-button" type="primary">
    <template v-slot:text>
      <span class="button-text">自定义样式按钮</span>
    </template>
  </button>
</template>

<style scoped>
.button-text {
  font-size: 20px;
  color: #ff0000;
}
</style>

In the above code, we pass the text node of the button to the parent component through the scope slot, and use the v-slot directive to specify the slot name text. In the parent component, we convert the button element into the Button component of Element-UI through the is attribute, and customize the style in the slot to achieve style customization and penetration.

3. Use /deep/ pseudo-class to implement styles that penetrate UI components

In addition to scope slots, we can also use CSS /deep/ pseudo-class to achieve Styles that penetrate UI components. The /deep/ pseudo-class can extend the scope of the style to the inside of the sub-component, thereby modifying the style of the sub-component.

Taking iView as an example, we will demonstrate how to use the /deep/ pseudo-class to modify the style.

First, we introduce the iView component library and create a basic Button component:

<template>
  <Button>按钮</Button>
</template>

Next, we use the /deep/ pseudo-class and its descendant selector to modify the Button component. Style:

<template>
  <Button>按钮</Button>
</template>

In the above code, we use the /deep/ pseudo-class to select the .ivu-btn element inside the Button component, and modify its background color and text color through the style sheet to achieve customization of the style. Definition and penetration.

It should be noted that the /deep/ pseudo-class will apply the style to all DOM elements in the component, and the scoped modifier needs to be added to the style sheet to take effect.

4. Summary

In the Vue framework, in order to solve the problems of customization and dynamic changes of UI component styles, we can use scope slots and /deep/pseudo Class implements styles that penetrate UI components. These methods allow us to modify the styles of UI components more flexibly, thereby achieving better visual and interactive effects.

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