memcache
对于大型网站如facebook,ebay等网站,如果没有Memcache做为中间缓存层,数据访问不可能吃得消,对于一般网站,只要具备独立的服务器,完全可以通过配置Memcache提高网站访问速度和减少数据库压力,这里主要讨论一下Memcache和MySQL数据库交互过程的流程关系,了解Memcache的中间缓存层作用,从而深入了解Memcache机制原理。
Memcache和MySQL交互流程图
如上图,传统的查询方法是直接查询数据库,数据库将结果返回给查询语句,而当有Memcache中间缓存层时,查询的是Memcache缓存数据,下面详细了解Memcache各类数据操作原理:
1. 查询数据(select),首先通过指定的Key查询(get)Memcache中间缓存层数据,如果存在相对应数据,则直接获取出数据结果,查询过程完全不需要查询数据库。如果不存在,则查询MySQL数据库,并以key对应value的形式将查询结果存储在Memcache缓存数据中,然后将结果返回给查询语句。
2. 更新数据(update),首先更新数据,然后删除相关的memcache数据(delete)。
3. 增加数据(add),首先删除相关缓存数据,然后增加数据。
4. 删除数据(delete),删除数据,并删除Memcache数据。
对MySQL的数据操作,主要涉及到的Memcache方法如下:
1. 获取:get(key)
2. 设置:set(key, value [, expiry])
3. 删除:delete(key [, time])
实例:
假设一个贴子,获取贴子ID为2009的值,其Memcache与MySQL交互流程如下:
复制代码 代码如下:
$key = ‘biuuu_thread_';//key前缀
$cachetime = 100;//缓存有效时间(秒)
$id = 2009;
Memcache基本操作过程
1. 查询:$result = get($key.$id);如果$result为空,则查询MySQL数据库,然后set($key.$id,$value,0,$cachetime)
2. 更新:delete($key.$id);
3. 增加:delete($key.$id);
4. 删除:delete($key.$id);
通过直观图和实例应该对Memcache与MySQL的交互有一个基础的掌握,其实对于应用来说,基本上就已经足够,但如果要涉及到命名空间等相对复杂的情况,Memcache的操作方式会有所不同,但不管什么样的操作,还是离不开基础操作命令,由于这是Memcache基础篇,主要是讨论Memcache和mysql交互操作流程,当Memcache原理清楚以后,Memcache基本操作就是这么简单。

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