How to use internationalization in Go?

With the development of globalization, more and more applications need to support multiple languages ​​in order to attract more users. How to use internationalization in Go language? This article will introduce how to use standard libraries and third-party libraries to achieve internationalization in Go.

1. Go standard library to achieve internationalization

The Go standard library provides some methods to achieve internationalization, including:

1. fmt.Sprintf

fmt.Sprintf can use formatting templates to generate strings and supports multi-language format strings. In a multi-language environment, you can use %q to output a string to ensure that the format of your string output is correct.

Sample code:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    name := "world"
    msg := fmt.Sprintf("Hello, %q!", name)
    fmt.Println(msg)
}

This code will output: "Hello, "world"!"

2. errors.New

errors.New can create a new error, which can receive an error message. In a multi-language environment, you can use errors.New to create multi-language error messages.

Sample code:

package main

import (
    "errors"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    err := errors.New("Something went wrong")
    fmt.Println(err)
}

This code will output: "Something went wrong"

3. time.LoadLocation

time. LoadLocation can read time zone information from a file. When your application needs to handle dates and times in different time zones, you can use the LoadLocation method to load time zone information.

Sample code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    loc, err := time.LoadLocation("Asia/Shanghai")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    t := time.Now().In(loc)
    fmt.Println(t)
}

This code will output the current time and date in Shanghai, China.

2. Use third-party libraries to achieve internationalization

In addition to the methods provided in the standard library, there are also some third-party libraries that can be used to implement more complex internationalization functions.

1. go-i18n

go-i18n is a Go library for internationalization that provides a simple way to organize and manage translation files. You can use go-i18n to import translation files, translated text or formatted strings.

Sample code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/nicksnyder/go-i18n/i18n"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    i18n.MustLoadTranslationFile("en-US.all.json")
    i18n.MustLoadTranslationFile("zh-CN.all.json")
    lang := i18n.NewLocalizer(i18n.NewBundle(language.English))
    fmt.Println(lang.MustLocalize(&i18n.LocalizeConfig{MessageID: "hello-world"}))
}

This code will import translation information from en-US.all.json and zh-CN.all.json, and use MustLocalize to output the correct translation information .

2. gotext

gotext is another Go library for internationalization. It provides a way to track the version of the translation file and compare it through a simple API. Text is translated. The gotext library supports translation files in multiple formats, such as .po and .json.

Sample code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/leonelquinteros/gotext"
    "golang.org/x/text/language"
)

func main() {
    pofile := "./locales/en_US/LC_MESSAGES/messages.po"
    catalog, err := gotext.ParsePOFile(pofile)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    lang := language.Make("en-US")
    translatedText, err := catalog.Get(lang, "Hello World!")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println(translatedText)
}

This code will load the translation information from the translation file and use the Get method to obtain the correct translation result.

Conclusion

Go language, as a high-performance, cross-platform, simple and easy-to-use programming language, also has good support for internationalization. The Go standard library provides developers with some methods to implement simple internationalization functions, while third-party libraries provide more complex methods to achieve multi-language support. Whether you are using the standard library or a third-party library for internationalization, Go is a very good choice.

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