How to build the environment in golang

Go language (also known as Golang) is an emerging programming language created by Google in 2009. Golang is very popular in fields such as big data and cloud computing. It is widely welcomed for its high performance, easy to learn and use, and cross-platform features. In this article, we will introduce how to set up a Golang development environment.

1. Download Golang and install

First, we need to download and install Golang. Golang's official website provides multiple versions of binary installers, and you can choose the corresponding version according to different operating systems and hardware architectures. For Windows systems, you can download the installer as a .msi file, and for Linux or Mac OS X systems, you can download a compressed package of source code or binary files.

After the installation is completed, we need to add the Golang installation path to the system environment variables. For Windows systems, you can right-click "Computer" or "My Computer" and select "Properties", click "Environment Variables" in "Advanced System Settings", and add the environment variables "GO_HOME" and "GOPATH" to "System Variables" , pointing to the installation path and working directory of Golang respectively. For Linux or Mac OS

During the development process of Golang, we need to use some editors or IDEs to write, debug and run code. Currently the more popular Golang development tools are:

2. Visual Studio Code: a free code editor developed by Microsoft that supports multiple languages ​​​​and plug-ins and can be used for Golang development.

GoLand: An integrated development environment developed by JetBrains, specifically used for Golang development and has very powerful functions.

Sublime Text: A lightweight text editor that can use plug-ins and color schemes to achieve Golang development.
• Vim: A powerful and popular terminal text editor that can also be used for Golang development.
• Here we take Visual Studio Code as an example to introduce how to build a Golang development environment.
• First, we need to install the corresponding plug-ins and extensions in Visual Studio Code. In the left menu bar of Visual Studio Code, click "Extensions" and search for and install "Go" related extensions. After the installation is complete, we can use a variety of features to achieve Golang development, such as:

Code highlighting and auto-completion

Code snippets and templates

Debugger and testing tools
• Code formatting and refactoring, etc.
• Create Golang project

After installing the development environment, we can start Create a Golang project. First, create a new folder in the working directory, for example:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

3. Then, create a Golang source code file named main.go under the folder, for example:

mkdir myproject
cd myproject

This file is the simplest Golang program, used to output "Hello, World!" to the console. Now, we can use Golang's compiler to compile and run this program. Enter the following commands in the terminal:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}

The first command compiles and generates the executable file main, and the second command runs the main executable file and outputs "Hello, World!" to the console.

Install dependency packages

In Golang development, we can use third-party libraries and frameworks to implement various functions, such as network communication, database access, Web development, etc. . Golang's standard library already contains many commonly used functional modules, such as fmt, net, http, database/sql, etc. In addition, you can also use the go get command to obtain and install other third-party libraries and frameworks.

4. For example, we can use the following command to install a Web framework named gin:

go build main.go
./main

This command will download the source code of the gin framework from GitHub and install the dependency packages. Finally, it will Generate an executable file. Next, we can introduce the gin framework in the main.go file and use its API to implement Web development:

go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin

This program will start an HTTP server and listen to the 8080 port, returning when the user accesses the root path The string "Hello, World!".

Summary

So far, we have learned how to set up a Golang development environment, and use basic commands and tools to create, compile and run Golang programs, as well as install and use third-party libraries and frame. Through continuous learning and exploration, we can have a deeper understanding of the Golang language and development, and implement more efficient, elegant and reliable applications.

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