How to make string= in golang

In Golang, the string type is immutable. This means that once a string is created, it cannot be modified in place, but only a new string can be created. If you want to modify a string, you must convert it into a variable type, such as []byte or []rune, before you can modify it.

Let's introduce some methods on how to make the string type achieve a "similar" variable effect.

Method 1: Convert the string to []byte or []rune type

If you want to modify a certain character of the string, you can first convert the string to a variable type , such as []byte or []rune type. This can be achieved by using the []byte or []rune conversion functions.

Sample code:

str := "Hello, Golang!"
bytes := []byte(str)
bytes[7] = 'W'
str = string(bytes)
fmt.Println(str)

The above code converts the string to []byte type, then replaces the 7th character 'H' with 'W', and finally reconverts the result to a character Serial and parallel output.

The same operation can also be achieved using the []rune type:

str := "Hello, Golang!"
runes := []rune(str)
runes[7] = '界'
str = string(runes)
fmt.Println(str)

This time we replace the 7th character with the Chinese character "boundary".

It should be noted that since strings are stored in UTF-8 encoding in memory, you need to pay attention to encoding issues when using the []byte type to modify a character in a string.

Method 2: Use the Replace function in the strings package

If you just want to simply replace certain characters in the string, you can use the Replace function in the strings package.

Sample code:

str := "Hello, Golang!"
str = strings.Replace(str, "Golang", "world", -1)
fmt.Println(str)

The above code replaces "Golang" in the string with "world".

The third parameter of the Replace function is the number of replacements, -1 means replacing all matches.

Method 3: Use the Buffer type in the bytes package

If you need to perform multiple operations on the string like splicing strings, you can use the Buffer type in the bytes package.

Sample code:

var buffer bytes.Buffer
buffer.WriteString("Hello")
buffer.WriteString(" ")
buffer.WriteString("Golang!")
fmt.Println(buffer.String())

The above code uses the Buffer type to implement the splicing operation of strings.

Method 4: Use the strings.Builder type

After the go language version 1.10, the string.Builder type was added to realize string splicing and modification.

Sample code:

var builder strings.Builder
builder.WriteString("Hello")
builder.WriteByte(',')
builder.WriteString("Golang!")
builder.WriteRune('界')
fmt.Println(builder.String())

The above code uses the strings.Builder type to implement string splicing and modification operations, and also provides the WriteRune method for Unicode characters.

Method 5: Use the []byte type and the Append series functions in the strconv package

If you need to convert other types of data into strings and require high performance and low memory operations, You can use the []byte type and the Append series functions in the strconv package.

Sample code:

var data []byte
data = strconv.AppendBool(data, true)
data = strconv.AppendInt(data, 1234, 10)
data = strconv.AppendFloat(data, 3.14, 'f', 2, 64)
data = strconv.AppendQuote(data, "Hello, Golang!")
str := string(data)
fmt.Println(str)

The above code uses the AppendBool, AppendInt, AppendFloat and AppendQuote functions in the strconv package to convert bool, int, float and string type data into []byte respectively. type of data, and finally realizes the splicing operation of multiple data types by converting it into a string.

It should be noted that when using the Append series of functions, you need to manually allocate sufficient buffer space.

Summary:

The above are some ways to make the string type variable. You can choose different methods according to specific needs. It should be noted that when using these methods, write the code carefully to avoid unexpected problems.

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