When developing web pages, sometimes you will encounter the problem of garbled Chinese characters, which will have a great impact on the aesthetics and user experience of the website. The problem of Chinese garbled characters is generally caused by encoding problems, mainly caused by browser, file encoding, database encoding and other reasons. This article will introduce in detail the causes and solutions to the problem of Chinese garbled characters.
1. Reasons for garbled Chinese characters
1. Browser setting problem
The default character encoding of the browser is not necessarily the encoding format we want, sometimes it will cause Chinese garbled characters on the page. You can set the character encoding format by adding the tag in the html header, as shown below:
<head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"> </head>
This ensures that the page encoding format is utf-8.
2. File encoding issues
When developing web pages, we often use text editors or development tools to write HTML code. If the file encoding format is inconsistent with the web page encoding format, it will cause Chinese garbled characters. In the Windows operating system, we can view the file encoding format through Notepad, as shown in the following figure:
You can see that the encoding format of the file is ANSI, and the page The encoding format is utf-8, which will cause garbled Chinese characters. There are generally two solutions. One is to modify the file encoding format to make it consistent with the page encoding format; the other is to add the tag in the html header to specify the file encoding format, as shown below:
<head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=gb2312"> </head>
This ensures that the file encoding format is consistent with the page encoding format.
3. Database encoding issue
If a database is used in the website, the database encoding format will also affect the correctness of Chinese display. If the database encoding format is inconsistent with the page encoding format, it will cause Chinese garbled characters. This problem can be solved by setting the encoding format in the database, as shown below:
ALTER DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
This ensures that the database encoding format is consistent with the page encoding format.
2. Methods to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters
1. Use utf-8 encoding format
When developing web pages, we usually choose utf-8 encoding format as the web page Encoding format, this is because UTF-8 supports encoding in all languages around the world and can easily handle data transmission between different languages. In HTML, you can specify the web page encoding format by adding the tag in the
tag, as shown below:<head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> </head>
2. Check the file encoding format
In progress When developing web pages, it is recommended to use Notepad or other professional text editors to write HTML code to avoid the problem of inconsistent file encoding formats. When saving the file, pay attention to selecting the correct encoding format, as shown in the following figure:
3. Adjust the database encoding format
If used in the website Database, then the database encoding format must also be consistent with the web page encoding format. This problem can be solved by modifying the database encoding format. When creating a database, you need to specify the encoding format as utf8mb4, as shown below:
CREATE DATABASE database_name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
When creating a table, you also need to specify the encoding format as utf8mb4, as shown below:
CREATE TABLE table_name (
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;That's it Ensure that the database encoding format is consistent with the web page encoding format.
4. Use unicode escape characters
In HTML, you can use unicode escape characters to set Chinese text, which can avoid the problem of Chinese garbled characters. Unicode escape characters are a character encoding that represents a set of characters in all languages and can be used directly in HTML. Taking the Chinese "Hello" as an example, its unicode encoding is "U 4F60 U 597D", which can be expressed as "Hello" using escape characters, as shown below:
<p>你好</p>
This way it can be displayed correctly Chinese text to avoid the problem of Chinese garbled characters.
Summary
The problem of Chinese garbled characters is relatively common in web development. The main reason is that the encoding format is inconsistent. By specifying the web page encoding format, checking the file encoding format, adjusting the database encoding format, and using unicode escape characters, the problem of Chinese garbled characters can be effectively solved. When developing web pages, pay attention to choosing the appropriate encoding format to ensure that web content can be displayed correctly and improve user experience.
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