众所周知,mysql数据库的备份还原可以使用两个常用工具:phpMyadmin和Mysql Workbench。
phpMyadmin 通常是部署在服务器上,备份、还原动作通过上传下载文件的方式实现。由于网络速度的限制和服务器配置的限制,数据库比较大的时候,操作起来相对就麻烦了。
Mysql Workbench 需要安装软件,如果安装在本地电脑,远程操作服务器数据库,也存在着类似的问题。
此时,用mysql自带的备份、还原命令就显得方便多了。
备份命令:mysqldump
此命令直接在windows shell 执行。要找到mysql数据库的安装目录下的bin目录,因为此命令是一个独立的exe文件。
mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename > backupfile.sql
备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式
备份MySQL数据库为带删除表的格式,能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库。
mysqldump -–add-drop-table -uusername -ppassword databasename > backupfile.sql
直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份
mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename | gzip > backupfile.sql.gz
备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表
mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename specific_table1 specific_table2 > backupfile.sql
同时备份多个MySQL数据库
mysqldump -hhostname -uusername -ppassword –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 > multibackupfile.sql
仅仅备份数据库结构
mysqldump –no-data –databases databasename1 databasename2 databasename3 > structurebackupfile.sql
备份服务器上所有数据库
mysqldump –all-databases > allbackupfile.sql
还原MySQL数据库的命令
mysql -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename
还原压缩的MySQL数据库
gunzip
将数据库转移到新服务器
mysqldump -uusername -ppassword databasename | mysql –host=*.*.*.* -C databasename
还原命令:source
此命令需要在mysql Command Line Client 中执行。
例如:source d:/backup.sql
值得一提的是,此处的斜杠要采用linux风格的斜杠,即使你使用的是windows系统。
参考:
Mysql 数据库备份命令
Mysql source命令

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