mysql linux installation directory

MySQL is a commonly used open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web applications. In Linux systems, we can install MySQL through source code compilation or use the package manager that comes with the Linux system to install MySQL. This article will introduce the default installation directory after installing MySQL in a Linux system.

There are many ways to install MySQL in Linux. We take using yum to install MySQL in CentOS system as an example to introduce the default installation directory of MySQL in Linux system.

The command to install MySQL through yum in CentOS system is as follows:

sudo yum install mysql-server

After execution is completed, MySQL will be automatically installed in the Linux system. During the installation process, it will automatically create the MySQL installation directory and its related data directory and log file directory. In the CentOS system, the default installation directory of MySQL is /usr/sbin/, the default data directory is /var/lib/mysql/, and the default configuration file is /etc/my.cnf.

/usr/sbin/ is a special directory in the Linux system, used to store system management programs, such as the MySQL installation program. In this directory, MySQL binaries (mysql and mysqld) and management tools (mysqladmin and mysqlcheck) and other files are installed. Among them, mysql is the command line client of MySQL, and mysqld is the MySQL database server program.

In addition to the above-mentioned binary files and management tools, the MySQL installation directory also contains some installation files and scripts for installing, uninstalling, and initializing MySQL.

/var/lib/mysql/ is the data directory of MySQL. All database objects in MySQL, such as tables, indexes, views, triggers, etc., are stored in this directory. In addition, MySQL will automatically generate some log files in this directory, such as error log files, binary log files, slow query log files, etc.

/etc/my.cnf is the MySQL configuration file, which contains some configuration parameters and system variables of MySQL. By default, this file will contain some basic configurations, such as MySQL's listening address, port number, character set, etc.

In general, after installing MySQL in a Linux system, the MySQL installation directory contains the following content:

• /usr/sbin/: MySQL binary files and management tools
• /var/lib/mysql/: MySQL’s data directory and log file directory
• /etc/my.cnf: MySQL’s default configuration file

MySQL The installation directory can be viewed with the following command:

which mysqld

This command will return the installation path of mysqld, which is the installation directory of MySQL. Normally, the result returned by this command is /usr/sbin/mysqld.

In addition to confirming the MySQL installation directory by viewing the installation path of mysqld, we can also view the location of the data directory in MySQL through the following command:

mysql -u root -p -e "show variables like 'datadir'"

This command will return the MySQL data directory The path, namely /var/lib/mysql/.

In general, the default installation directory of MySQL in the Linux system contains MySQL binary files, management tools, data directories and configuration files, etc. The location of these files is fixed and can be viewed and confirmed using commands. Before officially using MySQL, we can back up the data directory and configuration files to a safe location. In this way, even if the system crashes unexpectedly or MySQL upgrade causes data loss, we can still restore the data in MySQL through backup.

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