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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialMySQL数据库的自动备份与数据库被破坏后的恢复(2)

测试自动备份正常运转与否(备份恢复的方法)

这里,以通过实际操作的过程来介绍问题出现后的恢复方法。

[1] 当数据库被删除后的恢复方法

首先建立一个测试用的数据库。

[root@CentOS ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 用root登录到MySQL服务器

Enter password: ← 输入MySQL的root用户密码 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g. 

Your MySQL connection id is 8 to server version: 4.1.20 

Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the buffer. 

mysql> create database test; ← 建立一个测试用的数据库test 

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) 

mysql> use test ← 连接到这个数据库 

Database changed 

mysql> create table test(num int, name varchar(50)); ← 在数据库中建立一个表 

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec) 

mysql> insert into test values(1,'Hello,CentOS'); ← 插入一个值到这个表(这里以“Hello,CentOS”为例) 

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) 

mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的内容 

+------+-----------------+ 

| num | name | 

+------+-----------------+ 

|1 | Hello,Centos | ← 确认刚刚插入到表中的值的存在 

+------+------------------+ 

1 row in set (0.01 sec) 

mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 

Bye

然后,运行刚才建立的数据库备份脚本,备份刚刚建立的测试用的数据库。

[root@sample ~]# cd ← 回到脚本所在的root用户的根目录[root@sample ~]# ./mysql-backup.sh ← 运行脚本进行数据库备份

接下来,我们再次登录到MySQL服务器中,删除刚刚建立的测试用的数据库test,以便于测试数据恢复能否成功。

[root@Centos ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 用root登录到MySQL服务器

Enter password: ← 输入MySQL的root用户密码 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g. 

Your MySQL connection id is 13 to server version: 4.1.20 

Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the buffer. 

mysql> use test ← 连接到测试用的test数据库 

Reading table information for completion of table and column names 

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A 

Database changed 

mysql> drop table test; ← 删除数据中的表 

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) 

mysql> drop database test; ← 删除测试用数据库test 

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 

mysql> show databases; 

+---------------+ 

| Database | 

+---------------+ 

| mysql | ← 确认测试用的test数据库已不存在、已被删除 

+---------------+ 

1 row in set (0.01 sec) 

mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 

Bye

以上,我们就等于模拟了数据库被破坏的过程。接下来,是数据库被“破坏”后,用备份进行恢复的方法。

[root@Centos ~]# /bin/cp -Rf /backup/mysql/test/ /var/lib/mysql/ ← 复制备份的数据库test到相应目录

[root@Centos ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/test/ ← 改变数据库test的归属为mysql 

[root@Centos ~]# chmod 700 /var/lib/mysql/test/ ← 改变数据库目录属性为700 

[root@Centos ~]# chmod 660 /var/lib/mysql/test/* ← 改变数据库中数据的属性为660

然后,再次登录到MySQL服务器上,看是否已经成功恢复了数据库。

[root@CentOS ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 用root登录到MySQL服务器

Enter password: ← 输入MySQL的root用户密码 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g. 

Your MySQL connection id is 14 to server version: 4.1.20 

Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the buffer. 

mysql> show databases; ← 查看当前存在的数据库 

+-------------+ 

| Database | 

+-------------+ 

| mysql | 

| test | ← 确认刚刚被删除的test数据库已经成功被恢复回来! 

+------------+ 

2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

mysql> use test ← 连接到test数据库 

Reading table information for completion of table and column names 

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A 

Database changed 

mysql> show tables; ← 查看test数据库中存在的表 

+-------------------+ 

| Tables_in_test | 

+-------------------+ 

| test | 

+-------------------+ 

1 row in set (0.00 sec) 

mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的内容 

+------+---------------------+ 

| num | name | 

+------+---------------------+ 

| 1 | Hello,CentOS | ← 确认数据表中的内容与删除前定义的“Hello,CentOS”一样! 

+------+---------------------+ 

1 row in set (0.01 sec) 

mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器 

Bye

以上结果表示,数据库被删除后,用备份后的数据库成功的将数据恢复到了删除前的状态。

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